30 XCVIII, ACANTHACEE (BURKILL). [Synnema. 
acute or almost obtuse, puberulous, 4-2} in. long, 14-3 lin. broad. 
Flowers in whorls at the nodes; bracts resembling the leaves, 3—5 lin. 
long. -Calyx 3-34 lin. long, 5-partite; lobes subulate-linear, densely 
glandular-pubescent. Corolla white, 3 lin. long, 2-lipped ; lobes linear, 
oblong. Stamens with slightly broadened filaments. Ovary glabrous. 
—Adenosma africana, T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 21. Cardan- 
thera africana, Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 1075. 
Upper Guinea. Niger Territory: Nupe; Jeba, Barter, 751! 
2. S. brevitubum, Burkill. Stem pilose, quadrangular, branched. 
Leaves, at least the upper, narrowly lanceolate, sessile, pilose on both 
surfaces, entire, 2 in. long and 4 lin. broad. Flowers 6-10, crowded at 
each node; bracts resembling the leaves, 3-5 lin. long. Calyx- 
segments 5, acute, free, pilose, the posterior 4 lin. long and #? lin. 
broad, the others shorter and narrower. Corolla-tube funnel-shaped, 
only 14 lin. long; the upper lip rounded, 1 lin. long; the lower much 
larger, 4 lin. long, 3-fid and with 6 gland-like marks in pairs near 
the median line. Stamens 4, their filaments inserted at the top of 
the tube. Style hairy. Capsule 3 lin. long; seeds many; retinacula 
short. 
Upper Guinea. Gold Coast: Upper Volta; Salaga, Krause! Togoland: 
Krakye, on the River Volta, Krause! 
This remarkable species has the habit of Stachys sylvatica; I can compare the 
appearance of the curious flowers to nothing better than those of Orchis Morio, which 
in face view the corolla resembles. 
6. HYGROPHILA, R. Br.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. ii. 1075. 
Calyx-segments 5, or 4 by the union of the anterior pair, equal or 
unequal. Corolla contorted in the bud, bilabiate, the upper lip forming 
a hood, the lower 3-lobed, usually plicate-rugose at the base. Stamens 
4, the posterior usually smaller; filaments of the upper and lower 
stamen of each side frequently united at the base; anthers muticous, 
bilocular, lying under the hood. Style filiform; posterior lobe of the 
stigma extremely minute. Ovary many-ovuled. Capsule linear-oblong 
or linear, compressed, its valves grooved on the back, 2-celled. Seeds 
compressed, with hygroscopic hairs; retinacula slender.-_Herbs often 
glandular, erect or spreading, with entire leaves. Inflorescence various. 
—Physichilus, Nees in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 310. Polyechma, 
Hochst. in Flora, 1841, 376. Asteracantha, Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 
iii. 75. Momaphila, Blume, Bijdr. 804. 
A genus distributed through the tropics. All the African species, of which I 
have seen ripe seeds, show abundantly the hygroscopic hairs ; those of the section 
Nomaphila from Asia, however, do not do so to the same extent. 
*AsTERACANTHA. Flowers densely packed at the nodes; with 
2-6 spines in each whorl . . . . ° - 1. Z. spinosa. 
**EvuHYGROPHILA. Flowers sessile, or almost so, in the axils 
either forming false whorls along the stem or spikes 
towards the apex. 
Flowers 14-20 at each node. 
Leaves 2 in. long; sepals 2 lin. long . . . . 2A 
Leaves 34 in. long ; sepals 3-4 lin long. ° - 3. A, lutea. 
