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ELEMENTARY BOTANY 



xxiii 



tulerculate or wkrted, ^Hen covered with small, obtuse, wart-like protuberances. 

 andT^T**-^^' ^^^^ *^^ protuberances are more raised and poinled but yet short 



• eckinate, when the protuberances are longer and sharper, almost prickly. 



setose or hrhtly, when bearing very stifF erect straight hairs, 

 or ^^^^^^'^'^^^^^^y "When the setpe or bristles terminate in a minute resinous head 

 orop. In some works, especially in the case of Roses and Ruhns, the meaning 

 w mm Has been restricted to such as are glandular. 



gtocfiidiate, when the setre are hooked at the top. 



mse when the surface is thinly sprinkled with rather long simple hairs. 



fiupid, when more thickly covered with rather stiff hairs. 



fiirsiite, when the hairs are dense and not so stiff. 

 ptibesr'T ^^ P^^^^^^^^> ^'^^^ ^^^ bairs are shorthand soft ; picberulent^ when slightly 



face frl^^^^!i,^^^^ *^^ ^^^^^ ^^^ rather short and stiff, and lie close along the sur- 

 « au m the same direction ; sirirjillose, when slightly strigose. 



XRc^rl f ' ^^ cottony^ when the hairs are very short and^soffc, rather dense and 



^re or less intricate, and usually white or whitish. 

 ^ool f ^^^'*^^^)' wben the hairs are long and loosely intricate, like wool. The 

 like fl "^ ^^^*^^ is said to hefloccose when closely intricate and readily detached, 



ConiG^ ff^^ (Amo5e), when the hairs are excessively short, intricate and white, and 



m ^^^ ^' having the appearance of meal or dust. 

 h thp"'^t'*i ^^ ^oarf/, when the hairs are so short as not readily to be distinguished 

 e naked eye, and yet give a general whitish hue to the epidermis. 



y^aucous, when of a pale bluish-crreen, often covered with a fine bloom. 



p^aucesccnt, subglaucous or becoming glaucous. 



WnmnVr Ss ncrc attached to tt 



midftnfI^^i^^^^H^^*^^P*^*i' ^^* *here is much vagueness in the use practically 



" " " This is especially the case with the 



miflA^r ^^''^^'''^iy aaoptea, but there is m 



termt?/^^''?. ^f *^^^^ by different botanists. 

 3;>^f^*e, hupid, hirsute, pubescent, and (on 



^ ^ 



' ■ ® ineauingg hero attached to th'e above terms are such aa appear to have 



much va 

 ?ts. This 



cim!W 4^ f 1 °^°^^ ^^ Glands is oiven to several different productions, and prin- 

 ^'my to the four following :- 



a fuuJo ^^rt-like or shield-like bodies, either sessile or sometimes stalked, of 



' oily or^i ^-^ somewhat fleshy consistence, occasionally secreting a small quantity of 

 libber f^^"^ matter, but more frequently dry. They are generally few in 

 ' or nrin^'; ^^^^ definite in their position and form, and occur chiefly on the petiole 

 t)riLmT .^^^^^ ^^ leaves, on the branches of inflorescences, or on the stalks or 

 principal yems of bracts, sepals, or petals. 



oily nah ' ^ ^^^^^^ ^^^' ^^^ually black, red, or dark^coloured, of a resmous or 

 They tl e\ ^^^''^ys superficial, and apparently exudations from the epidermis. 

 ^Won ^^T °^^*^^ous on leaves, bracts, sepals, and green branches, and occur 

 stalks tl ^^^ stamens, more rarely on pistils. When raised upon slender 



to tU fk-^^ ^^^ called pedicellate (or stipitate) glands, or glandular hairs, according 

 3 ^S'^'^JJ^ss of the stalk. ^ ^ ^ ^ 



the snKaf ^ ' globular, oblong or even linear vesicles, filled with oil, imbedded m 

 ^Umeron. T^f ^^^^^^ ^^ '^^v^S' bracts, floral organs, or fruits. They are often very 

 ^ion Tri f 1^ *^^^°sparent dots, sometimes few and determinate in form and posi- 

 aftd'titf *i Pencarp of Umbeliiferce they are remarkably regular and conapicuous, 



"^tetWf 1*^^^^®^ <^''*7), or other small fleshy excrescences within the flower. 



the receptacle, calyx, corolla, stamens, or pistil. 



■.■.,tr. 



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> .:> 



t 



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V' 



as 



Chap. H. Classification, or Systematic Botany. 



Posmhi "T ''^^®»«y been observed (3) that descriptions of plants sliould, as nearly 

 of eacK^f' . arranged under natural divisions, so as to facilitate the comparison 



Ir^t with those most nearly alUed to it.' The descriptions of plants here 



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