Piper ] CXXIV, PIPERACEX. (J. D. Hooker.) 91 
DO. l. e. 242. Muldera multinervis & Wightiana, Mig. in Hook. Lond. 
Journ. Bot. v. 557-8.— Rheede Hort. Mal. vii. 23, t. 12. . 
Native in the forests of the CIRCARS and? of Assam and MALABAR ; cultivated in 
hot damp parts of India, Ceylon and the tropics generally. . 
Branches stout, trailing and rooting at the nodes. Leaves 5-7 by 2-5 in., 
most variable in breadth, sometimes glaucous beneath; baseacute rounded or cordate, 
equal or unequal; nerves stout, 2-3 pairs basal, with another pair higher up which 
Tun to the tip; petiole 3—12 in., stout. Flowers usually diccious, but often the 
female bears 2 anthers, or the male a pistillode; anthers 2-celled. Fruiting spikes: 
very variable in length and robustness, rachis glabrous. Fruit globose, sessile, red, 
pulp thin.—The distinctions, if any, between the wild and cultivated black Peppers 
: mgrum and trioicum) want careful study, from fresh specimens. Roxburgh, who 
first distinguished them, gives no other character than that the leaves of P. trioicum 
are glaucous beneath. Miquel,'who retained both species in his Systema, observes that 
P. triotcum has less coriaceous narrower more lanceolate leaves, less white beneath, 
and in the Fl. Ind. Bat. he simply refers to £rioicum as perhaps the wild form of nigrum. 
Clarke has collected in the Khasia (at Amwee, alt. 3000 ft.) à membranous-leaved 
Pepper otherwise like P. nigrum with young female spikes. I have examined 
authentic specimens of Muldera Wightiana and multinervis in Arnott's Herbarium, 
and do not see how they differ from P. nigrum; those of M. Wightiana are in male 
flower only. The transversely dehiscing female receptacle of M. multinervis described 
by Miquel seems to me to be formed of the ordinary bracts and bracteoles of P. nigrum. 
Owever advance this with hesitation, for our knowledge of the specific limits of 
: nigrum are us vague as of its geographical. 
35. P. zeylanicum, Mig. in Lond. Journ. Bot. iv. 436; quite gla- 
brous, branches terete stout woody, nodes much thickened, leaves small 
ong-petioled coriaceous broadly ovate or ovate-cordate acuminate 3-5-nerved 
rom the base, nerves and nervules impressed above very prominent beneath, 
peduncles longer than the petioles, fruiting spikes short robust, bracts 
adnate tips raised in fruit, fruit .globose smooth densely crowded. Cas. 
Ar” Prodr, xvi. 1. 366. P. arcuatum, Thwaites Enum. 293, in part (C. P. 
CEYLON; in the hi her parts of the central province, Walker, &c. 
Dark brown when dry, much branched. Leaves 13-24 by 1-1} in., paler beneath, 
pec bullate above, base usually equal; petiole 3-1 iu. Male spikes 1-1} in. ; bracts 
cant imbricate, the lowest sometimes oblong and peltate; stamens 2, filaments 
very broad. Fruiting spikes 1-1} in., flexuous.—A very distinct-looking species. 
he og, find the filaments to be margined beneath the anthers as described by Miquel. 
do K arma major of that author, from the Deccan (Mayabam, Sir F. Adam), is a very 
ubtful plant, in fact indeterminable. 
36. P. trineuron Mig. in Hook. Lond. Journ. v. 555; quite glabrous, 
branches slender rigid, leaves thin elliptic-lanceolate subacute or acum 
A "herved nearly to the tip, peduncles longer than the petioles, ma ^ 
Likes slender shorter than the leaves, male and female bracts closely mE 
in Pr, rachis, stamens 2, fruits distant globose quite eye “3. DC. 
di redr. xvi. 362, P. insulare& ceylanicum, Cas. DC. l. c. 242. 
Pim Thwaites Enum. 498 (omitted in DC. Prodr.). - 
PYLON, in damp forests in he south of the island, Walker, Thwaites. — 
nng "ches slender, black, nodes much enlarged. Leaves 3-5 by Lu un base 
bracts P'"cipal nerves 1-2 pair, slender; petiole }-4 in. Male spikes E 
cu». , ?ieireular, rather distant. Fruiting spike rigid ; bracts forming & n nia 
thor j achis black, naked between the fruits.— This is certainly not a Mu » 
"Eh it resembles p. arcuatum, Blume, of Java. 
97. P. leptonema, Hook. f; quite glabrous, branches terete firm, 
