100 CXXV. CHLORANTHACEE. (J. D. Hooker)  [CAloranthus. 
radicle inferior —Genera 3, species 25, tropical and subtropical (not 
African). 
The above character does not embrace the anomalous genus Circeaster which is 
appended to the Order. 
CHLORANTIEUS, Swartz. 
Perennial herbs, or shrubs. Flowers in terminal simple or panicled 
spikes, connate ¢ and Q9 in pairs. Stamens 1, or 3 confluent ; central 
anther 2-celled, lateral anthers l-celled. Ovary naked; stigma subsessile, 
truncate.—Species 8, Eastern Asiatic. 
1. C. officinalis, Blume Enum. Pl. Jav. 79; Fl. Jav. iii. 10, t. 1; 
leaves subsessile elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate acuminate finely gland-ser- 
rulate, anthers 3 connate by their connective. Solms in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1, 
474; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat.i.1. 804. C. elatior, Br. in Bot. Mag. t. 2190. C. 
erectus, Sweet ; Wall. Cat. 6881. Cryphea erecta, Ham. in Brewst. Ed. 
Journ. 1825, 11, t. 2. 
EASTERN HIMALAYA ; Sikkim, in hot valleys, J. D.H. BuoraN, Clarke, ASSAM, 
SILHET and the KrasrA Mrs., ascending to 4000 ft., Wallich,.&c., and southward 
to PENANG, the ANDAMAN ISLANDS, and Maracca, Maingay.—DisrRIB. Yunan, 
Malay Archipelago, Philippine Islands. 
An evergreen erect undershrub, 1-3 ft., quite glabrous and shining. Leaves 
very variable in size and breadth, subsessile, from 3 by 1 in. to 10 by 4 in.; petiole 
i-i in. Spikes 1-2 in., in panicles 2-5 in. long ; flowers minute, distant. Berries 
1 in. diam., white. 
2. C. brachystachyus, Blume Fl. Jav. fasc. viii. 13, 14, t. 2; leaves 
shortly petioled elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate acuminate coarsely callously 
serrate, anthers solitary 4-celled. Solms in DC. Prodr. xvi. 1. 475; Mig. 
Fl. Ind. Bat. i. 2.801, and Ann. Mus. Lugd. Ind. Bat. iii. 129. C. monandets 
Br. in Bot. Mag. t. 2190 in note. C. ceylanicus, Mig. l. c. 802. C. denti- 
culatus, Cord. in Adaus iii. 296. Ascarina serrata, Bl. En. Fl. Jav. i. 79. 
Sarcandra chloranthoides, Garda. in Cale, Journ, Nat. Hist. viii. 948; 
Wight Ic. t. 1946; Cord. l. c. 301. 
KnasIA Mrs., alt. 4-5000 ft., Jenkins, &c.—TRAVANCORE; on the Pulney Mts.» 
Wight. Penance, Porter, Wallich, Maingay. CEYLON; Central Province, alt 
3-5000 ft., Walker, &c.— DISTRIB. China, Philippine Islands, Japan. 
Habit of C. officinalis, but taller and more woody, with deeply serrate leaves and 
red berries. ny 
UNDETERMINABLE AND EXCLUDED SPECIES. 
C. GRANDIFOLIUS, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat.i. 1. 802; Solms in DC. Prodr. xvi» 1 
477 ; “ branches warted, leaves petioled membranous 7-8 in. long, obversely oblong 
acuminate remotely callously mucronate-serrate base acute or subcuneate, nerves 
8-10 erecto-patent, petiole 4-3 in., spikes brachiate subopposite or alternate, bract 
ovate boat-shaped tip subcallous. Herb. Wight, n. 878.’—I can form no guess 85 
to what this is, having found nothing corresponding to the description in Wight's 
Herbarium, 
C. iNcoNsPICUUS, Swartz in Phil. Trans. Ixviii. 359, t. 15; Solms l.c. 414 
C. indicus, Wight Ic. t. 1915.— The specimens of this from which Wight's published 
drawing was made are in his Herbarium, but without locality, nor is any lócality given 
with his description in the Icones; they are no doubt from China. 
ANOMALOUS GENUS. 
CIRCIEASTER, Marim. 
A small, inconspicuous, very slender annual, with a simple filiform : 
