472 CXXXV. EUPHORBIACEZ. (J. D. Hooker.) [Sapium. 
SUBTROPICAL HIMALAYA, from Simla and Kumaon, alt. 5300 ft., to Bhotan 
(except ? Sikkim), Cuirragone, J. D. H. & T. T. Peau, Kurz. . 
A very robust deciduous-leaved tree, with thick soft branchlets leafy at the tips, 
shrinking when dry. Leaves 6-12 in., greenish when dry, nerves 12-20 pairs spreading 
slender; petiole 1-2 in., glandular below the tip. Spikes 3-10 in., fem. greatly 
thickened in fruit. Male fl. in circular clusters 4-4 in. diam.; bracts very small, 
central flowers opening first and leaving short persistent pedicels, outer fl. sessile ; 
calyx membranous, lobes rounded concave ; stamens 2, very short. Fem. fl. shortly 
pedicelled ; sepals ovate, acuminate; ovary globose; stigmas very short, pulvinate. 
Fruit } in. diam., 1-3-celled, ovoid or globose, obscurely lobed.— Kurz describes the 
cocci as 2-valved. Except in the form of the fruit, I know of no difference between 
the two following forms. 
S. INSIGNE PROPER; fruiting racemes very stout, fruit ovoid. . 
Var. malabarica; fruiting racemes more slender, fruit globose. Exceecaria 
insignis, Beddome Forester’s Man. 214, t. 22, f. 5. Falconeria malabarica, Wight Ic. 
t. 1866; Dalz. § Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 227; Grah. Cat. Bomb. Pl. 367.— Wall. Cat. 
8014. 
73. BXCGCARIA, Linn. 
Glabrous trees or shrubs, with acrid milky sap. Leaves alternate or 
opposite, entire or subserrate. Flowers minute in lateral axillary or ter- 
minal spiciform unisexual or androgynous racemes or spikes, dicecious or 
monoecious, apetalous ; males 1-3 in each bract, 2-bracteolate; fem. at the 
base of the raceme, or on separate racemes; rachis with large glands 
beneath or at the sides of the bracts. Disk 0. Mate rr. Sepals 3 (rarely 2), 
small, subequal. Stamens 3, filaments free; anthers didymous; cells 
globose, distinct, contiguous, parallel. Pistil/ode 0. Fw. rr. Calyx m 
or-partite. Ovary 3-celled; styles shortly connate, stout, spreading an 
recurved, entire; cells l.ovuled. Capsule of 3 cocci separating from à 
columella, valves crustaceous twisting elastically. Seeds globose or sub- 
globose, estrophiolate, testa crustaceous, albumen fleshy; cotyledons broad, 
flat.—Species about 20, Tropical Asia, Africa and Australia. 
This genus had better be reunited with Sapium. 
* Leaves alternate. 
1. E. Agallocha, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1451; leaves alternate long-petioled 
elliptic ovate or orbicular acute or obtuse quite entire or sinuate-crenate, 
male spikes axillary dense-fld., bracts rounded fleshy 1-fld., male fl. sessile, 
sepals minute unequal, fem. spikes short few-fld., flowers pedicelled, sepals 
broadly ovate acute subserrulate with a basal gland within, capsule 4-5 10. 
diam. tridymous smooth. Muell. Arg. in DC. Prodr. xv. ii. 1220; Wall. 
Cat. 7962 and 7964; Brand. For. Fl. 442: Kurz For. Fl. 414; Gamble 
Man. Ind. Timb. 368; Grah. Cat. Bomb. Pl. 185; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. 
Fl. 227; Beddome Forester’s Man. 255; Wight Ic. t. 1865 B, and in Hook. 
Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 306, t. 30. E. Camettia, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. 864; Lamk. 
lil t. 805. E. affinis, Endl. Prodr. Fl. Norf., 83. Stillingia Agallocho 
Baill. Etudes Gen. Euphorb. 518, t. 7, f. 31-34.—Rheede Hort. Mal. v. t. ^? 
Tidal forests on all the coasts of IxprA and CEYLON.—DISTRIB. Eastwards to 
Australia and the Friendly Islands. n 
A small evergreen tree. Leaves between fleshy and coriaceous, 2—4 in., pale brota 
when dry, base acute or rounded; nerves many, very faint, subhorizontal ; pm 
4-1 in., slender, tip sometimes 2.glandular. “Male spikes numerous, 1-2 in. ; 5 ot 
racemes few, j-1 in.; flowers fragrant, upper fem. usually imperfect. Bracts 
male spike with 1 flower and several minute bracteoles, Filaments mach lengthening 
