596 OLXXII, CYPERACEZ. (C. B. Clarke.) [ Juncellus. 
Cyperus exaltatus, Retz; but separated by the very crowded spikes and 2-fid 
style. 
** Stem with one head of spikelets. 
5. J. pygemeeus, C. B. Clarke; annual, leaves and bracts long green 
flaccid, spikelets innumerable in a compound head linear often curved or 
twisted, nut plano-convex 3-3 length of glume. Cyperus pygmeus, Rottb. 
Descr. et Ic. 20, t. 14, figs. 4, 5; Nees in Wight Contrib. 72; Kunth Enum. 
ii. 18 ; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii 261; Boiss. Fl. Orient. v. 368 (excl. syn. Boch): 
Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. 493 (excl. var. B); C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. 
Soc. xx. 282 and xxi. 28-30, 81, t. 2, figs. 10, 10a; King in E. T. Atkinson 
Gaz. x. (1876), 320. C. squarrosus, Roxb. Fl. Ind. 1.190. C. monocephalus, 
Roxb. mss. (not Fl. Ind.). Dichostylis pygmæa, Nees in Linnea, 1x. 289. 
Pycreus diffusus and pygmaeus, Mees in Linnea, ix. 983,—Isolepis? 
Wall, Cat. 3495. - 
From KASHMIR to BURMA and Ceylon. All warm regions (ewcl. Europe). 
_ Glabrous. Stems coespitose (often very many), 1-10 in. Bracts 8-6 in., spread 
ing. Head i-i in. in diam. Spikelets often 100,1 in., 8-24-fid., greenish-wbito 
finally pale brown. Glumes close-packed, boat-shaped. Stamens 2-1; anthers small 
linear-oblong, muticous. Wut ellipsoid, brown, top pyramidal ; style shorter ben 
nut; branches shortly exsert.— Much confused (by Boeckeler finally united) wit 
Scirpus Michelianus, Linn.; so that the synonymy cannot be completely 7 
tricated. In the young state it is difficult to distinguish the two apart ; but when 
the spikelets of J. pygmæus are ripe, and the glumes (except a few of the top m 
fertile) have fallen away, the scars on the rhacheola (and therefore the glumes a” 
nuts) are seen to be exactly distichous; whilst the rhacheola of ripe S. Michelin" 
shows the scars arranged spirally from the base of the spikelet. Rheede's Hort. 
Mal. xii. t. 54, on which alone several specific names are grounded, is usually refe 
here, but it is as likely to be Fimbristylis argentea, Vahl. 
6. J. levigatus, C. B. Clarke; rhizome creeping, leaves short is 
long, lower bract as though continuing stem, head lateral, spikelets 
1-30 linear 16-40-fid. somewhat turgid, glumes close-packed obtuse, Wë 
4-3 length of glume. Cyperus levigatus, Linn. Mant. 179 ; Rottb. Descr. 
et Ic. 19, t. 16, fig. 1; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 260; Boeck. in Linnea, SC, 
486; Boiss. Fl. Orient. v. 366 ; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 282 and 
xxi. 77, t. 3, figs. 20, 21 and t. 4, fig. 33; Aitch. in Trans. Linn. Soc. E A 
Bot. iii. 121. C. mucronatus, Rottb. Le 19, t. 8, fig. 4; Rozb. Fl. Int." 
185; Nees in Wight Contrib.72; Kunth Enum. ii.17; Reichb. Ie. Fl. ree 
viii. 31, t. 278, fig. 661. C. lateralis, Forsk. Fl. Æg. Arab. 13; Roxb. WI 
186; Nees in Wight Contrib. 73 (not Linn.f). C. Roxburghianus, P e 
in Oken Isis, xxi. 971. C. pleuranthus, Nees l.c. 73. C. acuminatus, all 
ms. C. mucronatus and C. niveus, Herb. Heyne; Wall. Cat. 3 
Pycreus levigatus, Nees in Linnea, x. 130. P. mucronatus and lateralis, 
Nees l. c. x. 283. ? 
Throughout Western INDIA from the Punjab, Aitchison, and Bundelkund, 
Duthie, to SovrR Mapras, WigAt.—DISTRIB. most warm climates. 
Glabrous. Rhizome usually woody, A in. in diam. internodes very, 
covered by chestnut or red scales, when floating sometimes 3-6 ft. with | 
nodes. Stems 1-24 in. Leaves sometimes as long as stem, p in. broad, not 
short, occasionally obsolete (i.e, sheaths terminated by a lanceolate Process of 
green). Spikelets closely clustered, }-} in., rigid, often curved, straw-co Land 
tinged with chestnut or chestnut-red ; rhacheola stout, tetragonous, hardly small 
Glumes concave, ovate, 7-ll.nerved. Stamens 3; anthers yellow with 4 
short densely 
ong inter 
