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Cyperus.] CLXXI. OYPERACEE. (C. B. Clarke.) 599 
length of glume (mucro excluded) otherwise as C. castaneus. Kunth Enum. 
ll. 22 ; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxv. 496; C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 
BA and xxi. 88, and xxv. 80; Trimen Cat. Pl. Ceylon, 100. C. angusti- 
folius, Ham. ms.; Wall. Cat. 3376 (mainly); Nees in Wight Contrib. 79 ; 
Kunth Enum. ii. 21. C. castaneus, Hance in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. 130; 
Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. ii. 261 (“forma Sundaica”). C. solutus, Steud. Syn. 
Cyp.14; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 263. 
Throughout INDIA; from KasHMIR and Assam to CEYLON and PENANG.— 
Disrers. All warm regions. 
. The older botanists referred the chestnut-colrd. examples to C. castaneus, the ferru- 
guous-brown to C. cuspidatus, and these are the prevalent colours of the spikelets. 
i the colour varies in both, and Boeckeler has distinguished them by the nut 
(which is broader upwards in C. cuspidatus) tolerably satisfactorily. C. cuspidatus 
“avery common plant, C. castaneus a rare one. 
Sect. 3. Difformes. Small or middle-sized, annuals or biennials; 
ome 0, or in C. Haspan creeping. Leaves and bracts moderately long, 
harrow, weak. Inflorescence umbellate, sometimes reduced to a single 
m * Spikelets small, numerous. Glumes scarcely cuspidate. (Sp. 6- 
6. ©. fuscus, Linn. Sp. Pi. 69; annual, small, umbel simple com- 
pound or reduced to a head, spikes clustered small linear-oblong, nut ellip- 
tia triquetrous apiculate 3-4 length of glume. Host Gram. Austr. ii. 49, 
AT Kunth Enum. ii. 37; Boeck in Innnxa, xxxv. 585; C. B. Clarke in 
ourn, Linn, Soc. xxi. 185; Boiss. Fl. Orient. v. 370. 
Kasum and N.W. HIMALAYA, alt. 6000 ft., Thomson, &.—DisTR1B. West- 
to Britain, 
rous, Stems cespitose, 2-16 in., weak. Leaves longer or shorter than 
AE in. broad, grass-like. Rays of umbel often 1-13 in., sometimes much 
£l t; bracts usually exceeding inflorescence. Spikes 4-3 in. in diam. Spikelets 
by Ae in., 16-36-fld., often reddish. Glumes boat-shaped, ovate, scarcely 
tri Stamens usually 2; anthers oblong, obtuse. Nut equally or unequally 
be 00s, pale brown, Style much shorter than nut, deciduous; branches 
7. C. difformis, Linn, Sp. Pl. 67; annual, middle-sized, umbel simple 
Grond or reduced to 1 head, spikelets very small linear-oblong most 
k ly crowded, glumes obovate truncate, nut broad ellipsoid nearly as 
as glume. Rottb. Deser. et Ie. 24, t. 9, fig. 2; Roxb. FT. Ind. i. 195; 
39. ^ Wight Contrib. 88; Kunth Enum. ii. 38; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. FI. 
] Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 269; Boeck. in Linnza, xxxv. 586 ; Thw. Enum. 
379: King in E J. Atkinson Gaz. x. (1876) 323; Boiss. Fl. Orient. v. 
& ; ©. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 290, and xxi. 133. C. Goeringii, 
"eet Syn. Cyp. 24; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 271.—Cyperus, Wall. Cat. 3363 
y). 
MI "ghout INDIA, alt. 0-8000 ft., universal throughout the Old World in rice- 
ia, wie? (introduced ?). 
TOUS. Stems 4 90 in., acutely triquetrous at top. Leaves usually somewhat 
* than stem, 4—1 in. broad, flaccid. Umbe? usually contracted, rays up to 2 in., 
ike, A much larger; bracts 2-10 in., lowest often suberect (i.e. umbel lateral). 
In. in diam., globose. Spikelets }-2 by de in., somewhat turgid, 10- 
"o Fumes close-packed, concave, very obtuse, straw-colrd., sides more or less 
*qua]] l, rarely 2; anther small, oblong, muticous, Nut subsessile, sub- 
d trigonous, pale-brown; style much shorter than nut, branches linear short. 
