Scirpus. | CLXXIL CYPERACEE. (C. B. Clarke.) 655 
Temp. and Alpine HiMALAYA, alt. 8-13,000 ft., from Kashmir to SIKKIM.— 
DisTRIB. Throughout Europe, Asia; in Africa; in Australia, 
Rhizome 4-3 in., almost filiform, or more often 0. Stems 1-8 in. Leaf usually 
about 1 in., setaceous, sometimes nearly as long as the stem. Spikelets AL in., 
6-20-fld. ; bract as though a continuation of the stem. Glumes ovate, obtuse, keeled. 
Nut as long as half its glume, trigonous obovoid, obtuse, minutely apiculate ; outer- 
most cells transversely short-oblong, superimposed in 6-9 vertical series on each 
face, so that the nut appears on each face longitudinally 6-9-striate.—Much mixed 
in herbaria, and by many authors (even Boeckeler), with S. cernuus, Vahl (S. Savi, 
Sebast. § Mauri) which differs in the smooth nut, i.e. the outermost cells are 
quadrate-hexagonal, somewhat obscure, not arranged in vertical series (nut minutely 
reticulate not horizontally striate). S. cernuus, Vahl is a cosmopolitan species, 
ezcept India and the adjacent countries. 
6. S. Holoschoenus, Linn. Sp. Pl. 72; stems rather stout, umbel 
lateral (rarely reduced to a single head) of distant dense globes of 
numerous small spikelets, style 3-fid, nut trigonous obovoid smooth 
minutely reticulate leaden-black. Boeck. in Linnza, xxxvi. 720; Boiss. 
Fl. Orient. v, 381. Holoschomnus vulgaris, Link Hort. Berol. i. 993. H. 
filiformis and H. australis, Reichb. in Flora, 1830, p. 499, 500, and Ic. FV. 
erm. viii. 44, 45, t. 310, 317 (erroneous as to sete). 
PungaB; Hazara, alt. 4000 ft., Stewart. SiNp; Pinwill.—DisTRIB. Europ., 
Afric., W. Asia. 
Rhizome horizontal woody, covered by ovate chestnut scales; fibrous roots 
thick, often (when growing in sand) woolly. Stems 8-30 in., approximate, terete. 
aves all near the base of the stem, sometimes 6 in. long, usually shorter, or re- 
duced almost to sheaths. Umbel simple or very compound of 1-80 usually (2-10) 
heads ; lowest bract sometimes 4-8 in., Sometimes 4-1 in. Spikelets scarcely 4 in., 
ellipsoid, denge-fld. Glumes ovate, keel subexcurrent, tip hairy (rarely glabrous). 
mens 3; anthers red-crested. Nut small, as long as 3-3 glume, subtriquetrous, 
obtuse, minutely apiculate; outermost cells minute, quadrate-hexagonal, obscure, 
Withering (nut more or less white-veiled by such withered fragments on the dark 
nut). —In one example in Herb. Calcutta (from the N.-W. Himalaya?) I found two 
teral Scales, very similar, and similarly placed to those occasionally found in S. 
Isolepis, Boeck., but much stouter, and which I suppose may represent 4 bristles 
ted and connate in pairs. (See Journ. Bot. xxx. 321—323.) 
Bect. 3. SCIRPUS PROPER. Large or middle-sized. Stems leafy only 
hear the base. Inflorescence various, but spikelets not spicate. Hy pogy- 
hous bristles often present. Style long.—Differs from Sect. Isolepis very 
ttle except in the frequent presence of bristles. 
* Nut more or less transversely muricated (the outer cells of the nut 
are longitudinal oblong, so that their thickened, often elevated, ends form a 
transverse wavy line). . bella 
In these 6 closely allied s ecies—spikelets clustered—clusters solitary or umbellate 
glumes entire, i.e. apex neither emarginate nor. hispid—bristles simply scabrous or 0 
anthers not crested—atyle 3-fid (or in S. debilis 2-fid.) 
. ^.S.supin inn. Sp. Pl. T3(partly); stems medium terete, spikelets 
m a single ateral head Ge var. Ke few closely umbelled), glumes ovate 
eled with suberect mucro, bristles 0, style 3-fid, nut obovoid trique S 
obtuse transversely scabrous-undulate black. | Roxb, Fl. Ind. i. , eic V 
€. Fl. Germ. viii. 40, E, 302; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. 699 (exci. var. 
