678 OLXXIL CYPERACEE. (C. B. Clarke). [Hypolytrum. 
and H. longirostre. Style continuous with ovary, persistent; branches 2 
long. Nut small, but often overtopping bracteoles, biconvex, osseous, 
subpersistent; style-base ultimately becoming a conical or ovoid beak.— 
Species 25, tropical and subtropical. 
This and the following four genera, included under the division Hypolytree (see 
p. 587), or Mapaniec, are so peculiar in structure that the following observations 
may prove useful.—Spikelets small, in spikes resembling the spikelets of a stout 
Scirpus; the (apparent) glumes being obtuse bracteoles. Spikelets containing one 
terminal fem. fl. (of a pistil only) and two opposite boat-shaped 1-glumed monan- 
drous male fl. at its base; between these two basal males and the terminal female 
are placed 0-11 concave or nearly plane glumes unsymmetrically whorled, sterile or 
1-6 monandrous; the three inner glumes (empty), often appearing nearly as sepals 
to the pistil. Glumes to the two lowest male flowers (squamellz), acutely keeled, 
hairy on keel, placed laterally with respect to the bracteole. Stamens small; 
anthers not crested, e 
In Hypolytrum the spikelet might be regarded as a single flower, consisting ofa 
bract, two opposite boat-shaped bracteoles, 2 stamens aud a pistil. But in Mapana 
(and other genera) the number of male and barren glumes interposed between the 
squamelle and the pistil shows that this flower is really an inflorescence, as m 
Euphorbia, The species are sometimes polygamo-dicecious, some plants producing 
only empty nuts with abnormal beaks. The seven Indian species here descr 
might be treated as H. latifolium with five varieties. 
1. H. latifolium, Z. C. Rich. in Pers. Syn. i. 705 stems stout 
triquetrous upwards, leaves long often 3-1 in. "broad, style 2-fid, nut 
(fertile) wrinkled brown or chestnut, beak small conical pale (large when 
nut is barren), Thw. Enum. 346 (B and part a); Kurz in Journ. s. Soe. 
xxxviii. part 2, 72 (partly). H. giganteum, Wall. Cat. 3404 (partly); 
Nees in Wight Contrib. 93 (partly) ; Boeck. in Linnæa, Sr: ]3l. i 
schoenoides, Nees in Linnea, ix. 288. H. myrianthum, Mig. Fl. Ind. Be 
ii. 333. H. latifolium and diandrum, Dietr. Sp. Pl. i. 365. Tons 
diandra, Roxb, Fl. Ind. i. 184. Scirpus anomalus, Retz. Obs. v. ^ 
Albikkia scirpoides and schoenoides, Presl. Rel. Honk. i. 185, t. 4 
Hypolytrum, Wall. Cat. 3402, 3403, 3404 (mainly). 
OBAR and 
»early all solitary, young 1—1 in. oblong-obovoid, fruiting 4 in. subglobose. 
closely spirally imbricate, scarcely ke in. long, € 
obtuse, membranous, l-nerved, brownish. Sinamellc 2 glume. Nut 
uttie longer than glume, sessile; beak about } length of nnt.— all. Cat, from 
this mixed with Scirpus chinensis, Munro and a Mapania. In some specimens long 
the Khasia Terai the nuts are empty their beaks inflated ovoid-conic DT d un. 
as the nut ; these Boeckeler (Linnwa xxxvii. 130) calls the Indian H. num". 
— 1t is possible to refer the Mauritian plant to a var. of latifolium 5 but, if these 
are kept distinct, it is not possible to arrange the Khasian plant under both. 
(without "m ` 
2. H. Wightianum, B in Li :: on 130; stems SU 
ebe a Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. p. 1975 le) 
es long 4-1 in. broad, panicle compound dense, style 2-fid, nut D, 
straw-colrd. or pale, beak conical pale }-} nut. H. giganteum, 
Wight Contrib. p. 93 (partly).—Rheede Hort, Malab. xii. t. 98. 
