Cyphocarpu.| CVI, AMARANTACE® (BAKER AND CLARKE). a) 
Afr. C. 172, Gilg in Engl. & Prantl, Pllanzenfam. Nachtr. 152; Lopr. 
in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 42. 
Nile Land. British East Africa: Taita, Hildebrandt, 2584 
7. ©. orthacantha, C. B. Cl. An erect annual, hairy (not 
tomentose). Leaves opposite; blade 1} by 2 in., elliptic, triangular 
at either end; petiole } in. long. Inflorescence terminal, 2 by } in., 
dense, straw-coloured, hairy ; partial inflorescences crowded, of several 
fertile flowers ; hairs in the flower-clusters copious ; bracts of the rudi- 
mentary flowers ending in rigid yellow spines standing out prominently, 
not hooked. Filaments linear to the base ; staminodes very short, oblong, 
emarginate. Ovary obovoid, glabrous; style longer than the ovary ; 
stigma small.—Pupalia orthacantha, Hochst. in Bot. Zeit. 1856, 598, 
name only; Aschers. in Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 181; Engl. 
Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 206. Cyathula orthacantha, Schinz in Eng). 
& Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iii. 1A, 108, in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 173. 
Wile Land. Abyssinia; Jaja, 4000-6000 ft., Schimper, 2153! 
13. CENTEMA, Hook. f.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 31. 
Perfect flower supported by 1-2 sterile flowers reduced to bracts or 
bracteoles, which are muticous or spinous not uncinate in flower, and 
in fruit are connate with the thickened base of the perfect flower; 2-3 
(rarely 1) perfect flowers under each floral leaf, constituting partial 
inflorescences, which are arranged in compound spikes, and full of long 
hairs. Stamens 5; filaments linear to the base, united into a short 
cup, with an oblong process between each two ; anthers with 2 oblong 
cells. Ovary ovoid, glabrous or pubescent, narrowed into a linear 
style ; ovule one, suspended from a basal funicle. Seed orbicular, flat- 
tened ; embryo annular.—Leaves opposite, narrowly oblong. 
Species 6, in Tropical and South Africa. 
It is difficult to draw a line between this genus and Cyphocarpa angustifolia, 
Lopr., in which the perianth-segments are thickened at the base in fruit. The 
4 following species, however, all have their leaves wider than the first section of 
Cyphocarpa, and narrower than the second. 
Stem strongly tubercular-scabrid on the ribs. . 3. C, biflora. 
Stem smooth, or hardly minutely scabrid. : 
Fruit-spike prickly ; ovary glabrous : : . 1. C. angolensis. 
Fruit-spike hard, scarcely prickly ; ovary hairy 
Inflorescence straw-coloured c ‘ 5 2. C. Kirkii. 
Inflorescence red 4. C. rubra. 
1. C. angolensis, Hook. f. in Benth. et Hook. y. Gen. Pl. iii. 31. 
Stem erect, 2-3 ft. high, smooth or with obscure tubercles. Leaves 
opposite; blade 2 by 4-4 in., hairy, ultimately glabrescent. Inflor- 
escence 2} by } in., straw-coloured, dense, in fruit harsh and prickly ; 
peduncled (apparently) or with 2 floral leaves at its base (7.€. sessile). 
Partial inflorescences usually with 2-3 fertile flowers ; sterile flowers 
in fruit curved outwards, rigidly spinescent; hairs white, cells long, 
