Gelonium. | CXXII. EUPHORBIACEH (PRAIN). 949 
and often much larger than the outer and the two inner; the inner- 
most (sixth) often very small, sometimes obsolete. Stamens 20. 
Female: Sepals 5, not glandular on the back, subequal. Ovary 
3-celled, glabrous; styles 2-fid, lobes lanceolate. Fruit shallowly 
3-suleate, $ in. wide, separating into 2-valved cocci; endocarp thinly 
crustaceous. Seeds subglobose; testa crustaceous not at all foveolate. 
—Prain ex 8. Moore in Journ. Linn. Soe. xl. 201. G@. lithowylon, Pax 
& K. Hoftm. in Engl. Pflanzenr. Euphorb.-Gelon, 22. 
Wile Land. British East Africa: Ukamba; South of Nairobi, Z/diot, 178! 
Mozamb. Distr. (German East Africa: Amani, Warnecke, 380! Rhodesia: 
Gazaland; Chirinda Forest, 3700--4000 ft., Swynnerton, 104! Chimanimani 
Mountains, 7000 ft., Swynnerton, 1115! 
72, PLUKENETIA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. iii. 327. 
Flowers monecious, apetalous. Disk 0. Male: Calyx subglobose 
in bud, splitting into 4 valvate segments. Stamens 8-40, inserted on 
a prominent receptacle ; filaments short, free, mixed with inter-staminal 
glands ; anthers small, cells globose or didymous, parallel. Rudimentary 
ovary 0. Female: Sepals imbricate. Ovary normally 4-celled ; ovules 
solitary ; styles connate in a stout short or distinct column continuous 
with the carpels, surmounted by 4 cruciformly spreading short ovate 
Stigmas. Capsule fleshy or dry, subglobose or depressed, splitting into 
4 winged or appendaged cocci. Seeds compressed, with a narrow 
marginal wing, or globose and sometimes 8-ribbed on one side ; testa 
crustaceous ; albumen fleshy ; cotyledons broad, flat.—Shrubs, or herbs 
with woody bases, usually scandent, Leaves alternate, petioled, 
3-5-nerved from the base, margin crenate or dentate. Racemes 
axillary or leaf-opposed, rarely terminal; flowers pedicelled, males 
many, often subfascicled, usually small ; females few, solitary, subbasal 
or basal. 
Species about 12, in the warmer regions of both hemispheres, but chiefly in 
America. 
Shrub; stems scandent, 10-20 ft. high; leaves large, 
ovate, 3-nerved, long-petioled ; stamens about 40 . 1. P. conophora. 
_ Herbs with a woody base; stems 1-2 ft. high or long; 
leaves smaller, short-petioled. 
Leaves lanceolate or triangular-oblong, 5-nerved and 
more or less distinctly 2-lobed at the base; racemes 
lateral; stems erect or scandent. : 
Stamens about 8; leaves finely dentate, sometimes 
deeply sagittate at the base; stems scandent . 2. P. hastata. 
Stamens about 12; leaves rather coarsely toothed, 
not sagittate; stems erect ° : ‘ . 3. P. africana. 
Leaves ovate, without basal lobes, 3-nerved at the base ; 
racemes terminal; stems prostrate - ° . 4 P. procumbens. 
1. P, conophora, Mill Arg. in Flora, 1864, 530. Shrub ; stems 
climbing, 10-20 ft. long, glabrous. Leaves long-petioled, rather firmly 
