1010 CXXII. EUPHORBIACE (PRAIN). [Sapium. 
Epicarp chartaceous, thin, not separating 
from the woody endocarp, 
Bracts denticulate but not 3-lobed . - 7. S. cornutum. 
Bracts distinctly 3-lobed . ; : - 8. S. oblongifolium. 
Valves of the cocci smooth, not horned ; epicarp 
chartaceous, thin, not separating from the 
woody endocarp. : s - ; . 9. S. triloculare. 
Ovary 2-celled, smooth; valves of the cocci with 
a thin endocarp anda thick coriaceous epicarp 
not separating; fruit subindehiscent 3 . 10. S. mannianum. 
1 S. madagascariense, Prain. A shrub or small tree, 15-20 ft. 
high, everywhere glabrous; branches slender; twigs not perulate. 
Leaves shortly petioled, opposite, firmly papery to thinly coriaceous, 
ovate-lanceolate to ovate-oblong, gradually narrowed to an obtuse or 
subacute or slightly retuse mucronulate apex, base cuneate, decurrent 
on the petiole, margin entire, 4-5 in. long, 1-2 in. wide ; petiole } in. 
long or less, stout, channelled above, eglandular; stipules orbicular, 
mucronulate, fimbriately lacinulate, caducous: young foliage very 
bright red; lateral nerves very many, up to 20 on each side, very 
slender, subhorizontal, parallel, Spikes terminal and in the upper axils, 
1-1} in. long, slender, with a peduncle about } in. long, with many 
rather dense sessile male flowers above and usually 1-2 subsessile basal 
females, but occasionally the spikes are male only; bracts in both sexes 
1-flowered, widely and shortly oblong, denticulate, 2-glandular at the 
base. Male: Calyx deeply 3-partite ; lobes lanceolate, acute. Stamens 
3, exserted. Female: Calyx deeply 3-sect ; lobes ovate, acute or obtuse, 
denticulate. Ovary glabrous, not horned; styles 3, shortly connate at 
the base. Capsule thinly crustaceous, $ in. across, breaking up into 
three 2-valved cocci. Seeds globose, brown, faintly blotched.—Stillingra 
madagascariensis, Baill. Etude Gén. Euphorb. 522 and in Adansonia, 1}. 
30. Spirostachys madagascariensis, Baill. Etude Gén. Euphorb. Atl. ii, 
t. 8, fig. 19, 21. Hacecaria madagascariensis, Mill. Arg. in DC. re . 
xv. ii. 1219; Pax in Engl. Pflanzenr. Euphorb.-Hippoman. 160. 4. 
sylvestris, S. Moore in Journ. Linn. Soe. xl. 204. 
Nile Land. British East Africa: Tana Province; on the Tana River, 3000 ft. 
Battiscombe, 245 ! 
Mozamb. Distr. German East Africa: Bagamoyo; Mandera, Alexandre 
in Herb. Sacleux, 1836! Rhodesia: Gazaland; Chirinda forest, 3700-4000 ft. 
Swynnerton, 72! 
Also in Madagascar. if 
A very distinct species, the Eastern representative of S. guineense, oO. ahr 
from which it is readily distinguished by its almost uniformly opposite leaves w! 
more numerous, more slender and more parallel secondary nerves, by the rage 
of glands from the petiole or the leaf-base, and by the buds being enveloped in . . 
stipules, without special bud-scales. his is very distinct from S. madagascarvens® 
Pax (Conosapium madagascariense, Miill. Arg. in Linnea, xxxii. 87.) 
2. S. Bussei, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. xxxiii. 284. A shrub ie —_ 
tree 12-16 ft. high, everywhere glabrous ; twigs rather stout, perulate 
