35 
** Styles short : pod 1-celled: petals shorter than the sepals, 
3. H. mutilum L. Often somewhat erect and diffuse: leaves narrowly oblong to 
somewhat ovate, obtuse, clasping, 12 to 25 mm. long, 5-nerved at base : flowers very 
small, in very loose leafy cymes: sepals linear to lanceolate, usually shorter than the 
ovate pod which is but 2 to 4 mm. long: stamens 6 to 12.—Extends from the Atlantic 
and Gulf States into eastern Texas and adjacent Mexico. Reported as far west as 
San Saba County. 
4. H. gymnanthum Engelm. & Gray. Almost simple, with strict stem and 
branches, 3 to 9 dm, high: leaves clasping, heart-shaped, acute or obtuse : cyme naked, 
the floral leaves reduced to small awl-shaped bracts.—Reaching Texas from the north 
and east and probably within our Tange, 
MALVACEZ. (MALLow FAMILY.) 
Herbs or Shrubs, with alternate stipulate mostly palmate leaves, 5 
persistent sepals united at base and often involucellate with a whorl of 
bractlets, 5 petals, numerous stamens monadelphous in a column, 
1-celled kidney-shaped anthers, more or less united Styles, and _pistil 
either a ring of ovaries around a projection of the receptacle or a 3 to 
10-celled ovary becoming a pod.—The cultivated cotton- plant (Gossy- 
pium herbaceum L.) belongs to this family. 
I. Stamen-column bearing anthers at summit: carpels closely united into a ring 
around the axis from which they separate after ripening, and just as inany as the 
styles (5 to 20 or more). 
“Styles stigmatic on the inner side: carpels indehiscent : ovules solitary. 
1. Malva. Bractlets 3: petals obcordate : carpels numerous, rounded, beakless, 
2. Callirhoé. Bractlets 1 to 3 or none: petals truncate: carpels numerous, beaked, 
3. Sidalcea. Bractlets none: filaments in a double series: carpels fewer (5 to 9). 
* * Stigmas capitate: carpels mostly dehiscent, 1 to few-ovuled. 
+ Seeds kidnuey-shaped. 
4. Malvastrum. Bractlets 3 or none: seed solitary, filling the cell. 
5. Spheralcea. Bractlets 3: cells 2 or 3-seeded, or when 1-seeded with an empty 
terminal portion. ’ 
+ + Seeds turgid: bractlets mostly none, 
++ Carpels 1-ovuled. 
6. Sida. Carpels 5 to 15, erect, with conniving or erect tips or points, 
7. Anoda. Carpels numerous, united into a depressed star-shaped pod, 
++ ++ Carpels 2 or more-ovuled. 
8. Abutilon. Carpels 3 to 9-ovuled, naked within. 
9. Wissadula. Carpels 2 to 5-ovuled, with a transverse plate or ridge within. 
II. Stamen-column more or less anther-bearing along the side: carpels 5, in a ring 
around the axis, 1-ovuled: styles just twice as many. 
10. Malachra. Proper bractlets none, but flowers in an involucrate head: carpels 
ripening dry. 
Il. Pavonia. Bractlets 5 to 15: flowers not capitate : carpels ripening dry, 
12, Malvaviscus. Bractlets 7 to 12: carpels ripening fleshy, connate into a berry. 
III. Stamen-column anther-bearing for a considerable part of its length: fruit a few- 
celled loculicidal minany-seeded pod. 
13. Hibiscus. Bractlets 5 to many, distinct: style-branches at length spreading : 
pod 5-celled, 
14. Fugosia. Bractlets 3 to many: style club-shaped, undivided, or with short 
erect branches: pod 3 or 4-celled, 
