150 
30 em. long) and peduncles (5 em. or less long) clustered on creeping stems or run- 
ners: leaves ovate-cordate, repand-toothed, thickish: the 2 to 4-flowered umbel sub- 
tended by an involucre of two conspicuous bracts: fruit larger, 4 to 9 nm. broad, 
with prominent secondary ribs and reticulations. (H. repanda Pers. )—Extending 
into ‘Texas from the Gulf States. 
CORNACEH. (DoGwoop FAMILY.) 
Shrubs or trees (rarely herbs), with opposite or alternate simple 
leaves, calyx-tube coherent with the 1 or 2-celled ovary and its limb 
minute, petals and as many stamens borne on the margin of an epigy- 
nous disk in the perfect flowers, 1 or 2 styles, and fruit a 1 or 2- 
seeded drupe. 
1. Cornus. Flowers perfect, in cymes or a head-like cluster: petals 4: style 1, 
stigma terminal: ovary 2-celled: leaves mostly opposite. 
2, Nyssa. Flowers diwciously polygamous, 5-merous, in a cluster of fascicles or 
solitary: petals very small or none: style 1, stigmatic down one side: ovary 1-celled: 
leaves alternate, 
3. Garrya. Flowers dicwcious, in catkin-like spikes, 4-merous: petals none: styles 
2, stigmatic down one side; ovary 1-celled : leaves opposite. 
1. CORNUS Tourn. (CORNEL. DoGwoop.) 
Shrubs or perennial herbs, with opposite entire leaves, small flowers 
in open naked cymes or in close heads surrounded by a corolla-like 
involucre, perfect flowers, minutely 4-toothed calyx, 4 oblong spreading 
petals, 4 stamens with slender filaments, slender style with terminal 
stigma, and a small drupe with a 2-celled and 2-seeded stone. 
§ 1. Flowers greenish, in a head or close cluster, surrounded by a large and showy 4-leaved 
corolla-like white or rarely pinkish involucre: fruit bright red. 
1. C. florida L. (FLOWERING DOGWOOD.) In our range a tree 9 to 12m. high: 
leaves ovate or elliptical (rarely somewhat obovate), acuminate, mostly acute at base, 
minutely appressed-pubescent above, whitish beneath and with sparse mosily ap- 
pressed pubescence, 6 to 14 cm. long, 3.5 to 9 em. wide: involucral bracts obcordate 
or with callous notch at apex: fruit ovoid, crowned with a narrow persistent calyx: 
stone ovoid, smooth, 6 to 8 mm. high, 4 to 5 mm. broad.—A common species of the 
Atlantic States, and extending in Texas to the valley of the Brazos. 
§2. Flowers white, in open flat spreading cymes : involucre none: fruit spherical, white, 
lead-color, or blue, 
9, C. sericea L. (SILKY CORNEL. KINNIKINNIK.) Shrub 10 to 35 dm, high, with 
branches mostly purplish: branchlets and inflorescence silky-downy: leaves very 
variable, from lanceolate and narrowly ovate to broadly ovate and elliptical, mostly 
long-acuminate, rounded or acute at base, nearly glabrous above, whitish and silky 
(often rusty) pubescent beneath (rarely glabrate), 2.5 to 12.5 em. long: flowers in 
broad rather compact cymes: calyx-tecth conspicuous: style abruptly and conspicu- 
ously swollen at tip: fruit pale blue: stone oblique and irregular, more or less pointed 
at base, irregularly sharp-ridged, mostly broader than high (5 to 6 mm. high, 4 to 7 
mm. broad).—Wet ground, common in the Atlantic States and extending into eastern 
and northern Texas. 
3. C. asperifolia Michx. Erect shrub 10 to 45 dm. high, with reddish-brown 
mostly pubescent branches: branchlets and inflorescence rough-pubescent: leaves 
from narrowly ovate to round-ovate and oblong, from short to conspicuously acumi- 
nate, acute or obtuse at base, rough pubescent above, whitish and roughish woolly 
