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often gibbous at base and irregularly or almost regularly 5-lobed, 5 
stamens, 2 or 3-celled ovary, and a several-seeded berry. 
1. L. sempervirens L. (TRUMPET HONEYSUCKLE.) Twining glabrous shrubs: 
leaves oblong, smooth, the lower petioled, the uppermost pairs connate: flowers in 
sessile somewhat distant whorls in the axils of the upper leaves forming interrupted 
terminal spikes, trumpet-shaped, almost regular, nearly 5cm. long, deep red outside, 
yellowish within or rarely throughout: stamens and style little exserted: calyx- 
teeth persistent on the red or orange berry.—An Atlantic species, reported in Texas 
as far west as Gillespie County. Very commonly cultivated. 
2. L. albiflora Torr. & Gray. Wholly glabrous or with minute soft pubescence, 
bushy, also disposed to twine, 12 to 24 dm. high: leaves oval, 2.5 em, long or more, 
glaucescent on both sides, usually only the upper pair connate into a disk and 
subtending the simple sessile glomerule: corolla white or yellowish-white, glabrous: 
the tube 6 to 10 mm. long, hardly at all gibbous: style and filaments nearly naked 
(Incl, £. dumosa Gray).—Abundant throughout western Texas, and especially so in the 
mountains west of the Pecos. 
RUBIACEH. (MADDER FAMILY.) 
Shrubs or herbs, with opposite entire leaves connected by interposed 
stipules or in whorls without apparent stipules, calyx coherent with 
the 2 to 4-celled ovary, and the stamens as many as the lobes (4 or 5) of 
the regular corolla and inserted on its tube. 
I. Ovules numerous in-each cell, 
* Seeds numerous, flat, winged all round: leaves often in whorls: low and 
shrubby. 
1. Bouvardia. Corolla tubular or salverform, with 4 or 5 short lobes: fruit a 
didymous-globose pod, with peltate seeds imbricated on the globular placente. 
* * Seeds several or numerous, Wingless: leaves opposite: low herbs. 
2. Houstonia. Corolla salverform or funnelform, 4-lobed: seeds rather few, 
thimble-shaped or saucer-shaped. 
3. Oldenlandia. Corolla rotate (in ours), 4-lobed: seeds very numerous and 
minute, angular. 
Il. Ovules solitary in the cells: leaves mostly opposite. 
* Flowers in a close and globose long-pedunecled head: fruit dry: shrubs. 
4. Cephalanthus. Corolla tubular, with 4 lobes: fruit inversely pyramidal, 2 to 
4-seeded. 
** Flowers twin, their ovaries united into one: fruit a 2-eyed berry. 
5. Mitchella. Corolla funnelform, with four lobes: a creeping herb. 
* * Flowers axillary, separate: fruit dry when ripe: herbs. 
+ Fruit separating when ripe into 2 to 4 carpels, the calyx-limb gamophyllous at 
base and circumscissile-deciduous as a whole at or before dehiscence. 
6. Richardia. Flowers (4 to 8-) commonly 5 or 6-merous; corolla funnelform: 
carpels separating from apex to base, with no persistent axis. 
7. Crusea. Flowers (3 to 5-) commonly 4- merous: corolla salverform to narrow 
funnelform: fruit 2 to 4-lobed, the carpels separating from a persistent axis. 
+ + Fruit separating into 2 (rarely 3) carpels which bear persistent and quite or 
nearly distinct calyx-teeth, 
8. Spermacoce. Corolla funnelform or salverform, with 4 lobes: fruit separat- 
ing when ripe into 2 carpels, one or both of them opening. 
9, Diodia. Fruit separating into 20r 3 closed and indehiscent carpels: otherwise 
as 0. 8. 
