162 
strongly furrowed, crowned mostly with 2 slender calyx-teeth.—Low grounds along 
streams, South and East Texas. 
2. D. teres Walt. Hairy or minutely pubescent annual: stem spreading, 7.5 to 
22.5 cm. long, nearly terete: leaves linear-lanceolate, Glosely sessile, rigid: corolla 
funnelform (4 to 6 mm, long and whitish), with short lobes, not exceeding the long 
bristles of the stipules: style undivided: fruit obovate-turbinate, not furrowed, 
crowned with 4 short calyx-teeth.—Sandy soil, low grounds of Texas to the mouth 
of the Rio Grande. 
10. GALIUM L. (BEpDsSTRAW. CLEAVERS.) 
Slender herbs, with square stems, whorled leaves, small cymose flow- 
ers, obsolete calyx-teeth, 4-parted rotate corolla, 4 (rarely 3) short sta- 
mens, 2 styles, dry or fleshy globular twin fruit separating when ripe 
into the 2 seed-like indehiscent 1-seeded carpels. 
§1. Fruit a berry: leaves in whorls of 4. 
1. G. microphyllum Gray. Diffusely spreading or ascending, smooth and gla- 
brous: leavesshorter than the internodes, rigid and narrowly linear (or small, broader, 
and crowded at base of stems), usually mucronate, with a narrow midrib prominent 
beneath and callous naked inargins, mostly 4 to8 (rarely 10 to 12) mm. long: flowers 
solitary on a very short or on a longer and peduncle-like axillary branchlet and ses- 
sile in its whorl of involucriform leaves, or this proliferous: ovary and young fruit 
scabro-puberulous.—Rocky ravines, etc., west of the Pecos. 
§ 2. Fruit dry. 
* Perennials with suffrutescent base: leaves in whorls of 4, their margins, midrib, and 
angles of stem destitute of any roughness: fruit hirsute with long straight (not at all 
hooked ) bristles. 
2. G. Wrightii Gray. Stems numerous in tufts, hirsute-pubescent throughout 
and diffuse: leaves linear to narrowly oblong, hardly at all rigid, 4 to 8mm. long, 
1-nerved and, pointless: flowers paniculate and short-pedicelled: corolla only 2 mm. 
in diameter, brown-purple: bristles of fruit generally as long as its diameter.—Creyv- 
ices of rocks in the mountains west of the Pecos, 
* * Wholly herbaceous perennials: bristles of fruit short and hooked or none, 
3. G. trifidum L. Weakly erect and branching, 12.5 to 50 em, high, glabrous ex- 
cept the retrorsely scabrous stem-angles and the usually roughish midrib (beneath) 
and leaf-margins: leaves in whorls of 4 to 6, linear or oblanceolate, or lanceolate- 
oblong, obtuse, 8 to 14 mm. long: peduncles slender, scattered, 1 to several-flowered: 
flowers very small, white, 3 or 4-merous: fruit glabrous.—Wet ground, throughout 
Texas. Var. LATIFOLIUM Torr. is a larger and broader-leaved form, the leaves being 
12 to 14mm. long and often 4mm. wide.—Occurs with the type. 
4, G. circzezans Michx. About 3 dm. high, hirsutulous-pubescent or glabrate: 
leaves in fours, oval or oblong-ovate, distinctly 3-nerved, obtuse, the largest 3.5 
to 4cem. long: flowers short-pedicelled or subsessile in the fork and along the simple 
branches of the cyme: corolla greenish, hirsutulous outside: fruit hispid, at length 
deflexed.—A species of the Atlantic States, extending to central Texas. 
5. G. pilosum Ait. Commonly hirsutulous-pubescent: stems ascending, 6dm., long, 
paniculately branched above: leaves in fours, oval, callous-mucronulate, puncticu- 
late, 1-nerved (with usually an obscure pair of lateral veins at base), the largest hardly 
2.5em. long: cymules few-flowered, the flowers all short-pedicelled. yellowish-white 
to brown-purplish: fruit hispid.—Extending from the Atlantic States into Texas 
Along with the type occurs var. PUNCTICULOSUM T, & G., which is almost glabrous, 
the leaves varying to elliptical-oblong and hispidulous-ciliate, 
