233 
ries resembling the conspicuous blunt nerveless scales of the pappus, 
fertile ample rays, and broadly top-shaped achenes with 10 thick ribs. 
1. A. setigera DC. Sometimes glabrous, sometimes villous with very long hairs 
(especially along the leaf-margins): stem branching below, terminated by long 
1-headed peduncles: radical leaves oblong-spatulate with long tapering base; cau- 
line oblong or ovate, with rounded or subcordate half-clasping base and muacronate- 
acuminate tip: head large, flowers all yellow, rays almost 2.5 em. long, 3 or 4-lobed: 
pappus scales 5, broadly ovate, silvery-searious, very obtuse.—-Prairies of Texas and 
extending into Mexico. The species is referred by some to Helenium, as H. setigera. 
92. GAILLARDIA Foug. 
Krect herbs, with alternate leaves, large showy heads of yellow or 
purplish fragrant flowers on terminal or scapiform peduncles, cleft or 
toothed neutral or fertile rays (sometimes none), outer involucral bracts 
larger and loose and foliaceous, convex to globose receptacle beset with 
bristle-like or subulate or short and soft chaff, top-shaped 5-ribbed_ vil- 
lous achenes, and pappus of 5 to 10 long thin scales which are awn- 
tipped by the excurrent nerve. 
* Style-branches tipped with short naked appendage: rays sometimes fertile, often none: 
achenes villous all over. 
1. G. simplex Scheele. Annual: leaves all radical, usually spatulate, pinnatifid 
to entire: head globose on a naked scape, usually rayless.—Rocky prairies of Texas. 
Probably to be called G. suavis Britton, on account of the priority of Agassizia suavis 
Gray & Engelm. 
* * Style-branches tipped with a long hispid or hispidulous filiform appendage: rays neu- 
tral (sometimes wanting in no, 2): villous hairs covering the achene mainly at its 
base or below the broad summit: leafy-stemmed plants. 
+ Chaff of the receptacle obsolete or reduced to very short soft teeth: corolla-lobes tailed- 
acuminate from a short broadish base. 
2. G. lanceolata Michx. Annual, branched, finely pubescent, 3 to 6 dm. high: 
leaves oblanceolate to linear, entire or sparsely serrate: rays rather few or none.— 
Extending from the dry pine barrens of the Gulf States into eastern and southern 
Texas. In some Texan forms the leaves are all more or less toothed or even lobed. 
+ + Chaff of the receptacle bristly or subulate, mostly surpassing the achenes. 
++ Lobes of disk-corolla subulate-acute and usually tipped with a seta or cusp, externally 
clothed with long hairs. 
38. G. aristata Pursh. Perennial, hirsute, often 6 dm. or more high: leaves lanceo- 
late or broader (or lower spatulate), from entire to coarsely pinnatifid: rays all yel- 
low, sometimes 3.5 to 4 cin. long: chaff bristly or subulate, sometimes little shorter 
than disk-corollas.—Extending from the northern plains to those of northern and 
western Texas. 
4, G. pulchella Foug. Annual, hirsute, lower: leaves softer, from entire to pin- 
natifid: rays two-colored, lower part red-purple (or darker), the upper or teeth yel- 
low, at most 2.5 cm.long: chaff rather stouter, hardly surpassing the mature 
achenes.— Extending from the plains of Arkansas and Louisiana through Texas to 
those of Arizona and Mexico. Var. PICTA Gray is a form of the low grounds of Texas, 
with somewhat fleshy leaves (when growing near the seashore), and shorter and 
stouter (more or less subulate) chaff, 
