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1. C. Virginica L. Leaves oval, oblong, or obovate-lanceolate: flowers on slender 
pedicels: petals 2.5cem. long, narrowly linear, acute, varying to 5 or 6 in number: 
drupe purple, with a bloom, ovoid.—Along streams, extending into Texas from the 
Eastern States. 
4. MENODORA Humb. & Bonpl, 
Low shrubby or nearly herbaceous plants, with simple entire or pin- 
nately lobed leaves (many of them alternate), conspicuous flowers termi- 
nating the branches (or becoming lateral, or loosely cymose), 5 to 15-cleft 
persistent calyx with linear lobes, rotate to salverform yellow corolla 
with 5 or 6-parted limb, 2 (rarely 3) stamens with oblong or nearly 
linear anthers, emarginate ovary with slender style and capitate or 
2-lobed stigma, and fruit a didymous or 2-parted pod circumscissile at 
or near the middle. 
* Corolla with very short tube commonly bearded within and blunt or hardly acute lobes: 
filaments filiform: anthers pointless: calyx with 7 to 15 linear or subulate lobes. 
1, M. scabra Gray. Herbaceous from a woody branching base, whole herbage or 
at least the lower part puberulent-scabrous: leaves mostly alternate, linear or the 
lower oblong, chiefly entire, 8 to 20mm, long: flowers rather numerous: peduncles 
remaining erect: corolla bright yellow.—Western Texas, mostly west of the Pecos. 
2. M. heterophylla Moricand. Nearly herbaceous, diffusely spreading, almost 
glabrous but roughish: leaves mostly opposite and pinnately 3 to 7-cleft or parted, 
the lobes and uppermost leaves linear: flowers sparse: short peduncles recurved in 
fruit: corolla light yellow.—Throughout Texas. 
* * Corolla salverform with long tube glabrous within and mucronate-acuminate lobes: 
anthers almost sessile in throat, apiculate: calyx with about 10 setaceous lobes. 
3. M. longiflora Gray. Glabrous with numerous almost simple herbaceous stems 
from a woody and branching base: leaves linear or lanceolate, smooth, entire (some 
of lowest rarely 3-cleft), the upper commonly alternate: corolla-tube 3.5 to 4cm. 
long, the lobes 12 mm. long.—Southern and western Texas. 
4. M. pubens Gray. Likethe last, but pubescent throughout with soft and spread- 
ing hairs, and leaves rather broader.—Valley of the Pecos and westward. 
APOCYNACEH. (DoGBANE FAMILY.) 
Plants almost all with milky acrid juice, entire (chiefly opposite) 
leaves without stipules, regular 5-merous and 5-androus flowers, the 
5 corolla-lobes convolute and twisted in bud, distinct filaments inserted 
on corolla, granular pollen, and calyx free from the two ovaries which 
are distinct (forming follicles) though their styles and stigmas are united 
into one. 
1. Amsonia. Seeds naked: corolla-tube bearded inside: anthers longer than fila- 
ments: leaves alternate. 
2. Apocynum. Seeds comose: corolla bell-shaped, appendaged within: filaments 
short, broad and flat: calyx not glandular: leaves opposite. 
3. Macrosiphonia. Seeds comose: corolla salverform, with long tube, not append- 
aged: filaments short: calyx many-glandular inside: leaves opposite or verticillate. 
4. Trachelospermum. Seeds comose: corolla funnelform, not appendaged: fila- 
ments slender: calyx 3 to 5 glandular inside: leaves opposite. 
