314 
* * Style short, with enlarged and compressed tip: corolla densely woolly within above the 
insertion of the very woolly filaments: anthers oblong: leaves ample. 
6. S. macrophylla Nutt. Somewhat pubescent or glabrate: stems rather sim- 
ple, 12 to 15 dm. high: lower leaves pinnately parted, the divisions lanceolate and 
incisely toothed or pinnatifid: upper leaves lanceolate or oblong, mostly entire: 
flowers very short pediceled in the axils of the upper leaves and bracts: corolla 
barely 12 mm. long.—River banks, etc., extending from the Mississippi valley States 
to Texas. 
19. GERARDIA L. 
Erect branching herbs, with stem-leaves opposite (or upper alternate), 
uppermost reduced to bracts and subtending 1-flowered peduncles 
which often form a raceme or spike of showy purple or yellow flowers, 
bell-shaped 5-toothed or 5-cleft calyx, campanulate-funnelform or some- 
what tubular corolla swelling above, four strongly didynamous included 
hairy stamens, 2-celled anthers approximate by pairs and the cells par- 
allel often pointed at base, elongated style mostly enlarged and _flat- 
tened at apex, and globular or ovated pointed pod. 
* Corolla yellow, the tube woolly inside, as well as the anthers and filaments: anthers 
alike, awn-pointed at base: leaves rather large, more or less incised or pinnatifid. 
1. G. grandiflora Benth. Minutely downy: stem much branched, 6 to 12 dm. high: 
leaves ovate-lanceolate, coarsely toothed or cut, the lower pinnatifid: pedicels rather 
shorter than calyx: corolla glabrous outside, 5cm. long, 4 times the length of the 
broadly lanceolate entire or toothed calyx-lobes.—Oak openings, etc., eastern Texas. 
** Corolla purple, naked within as well as the very unequal filaments: anthers dissimilar, 
pointless, glabrous or sparingly hairy. , 
2. G. densiflora Benth. Hispid and rough, very leafy : leaves rigid, pinnately 
parted into 3 to 7 narrowly linear acute divisions, those subtending the densely spicate 
flowers similar and crowded: corolla over 2.5 cm. long.—Prairies of ‘Texas. 
* * * Corolla purple or rose-color: calyx-teeth short: anthers atike, nearly pointless, 
pubescent: cauline leaves linear or narrower, entire. 
+ Pedicels little if at all longer than calyx and pod. 
3. G. heterophylla Nutt. Nearly smooth, 3 to 6dm. high, paniculately branched: 
leaves rather erect, thickish or rigid; lowest 3-cleft or laciniate; the others narrowly 
linear, mucronate-acute, scabrous on the margins; those of the branchlets short and 
somewhat subulate: pedicels very short, alternate: calyx-lobes subulately attenuate 
from a broad base, as long as the turbinate tube and with very acute sinuses: corolla 
2.5em., long or less.—Prairies of Texas. 
4. Gasper Dougl. Sparingly branched, 3 to 6dm. high: leaves long and linear, 
rough: pedicels (most of them alternate) equaling or moderately exceeding the calyx, 
which has triangular-lanceolate acute lobes about half as long as the tube: corolla 
over 2.5 cm, long.—Plains of northern and western Texas. 
5, G purpurea L. Stem 3 to6 dm. high, with long and rigid widely spreading 
branches: leaves linear, acute, rough-margined: flowers large (2.5 em. long), bright 
purple, often downy: pedicels shorter than the calyx, mainly opposite: calyx-teeth 
sharp- pointed, from very short to about half as long as the tube.—-Low moist grounds 
of southern and eastern Texas; where also occurs, usually in brackish soil, var. FAS- 
cICULATA Chapm., which is usually taller, 6 to 15 dm. high, with often alternate 
leaves (and branches), the cauline fascicled in the axils, very scabrous, narrowly 
linear or nearly filiform. : 
6. G. maritima Raf. Low, 1 to 3 dm. high, with shorter branches: leaves and short 
broad calyx-teeth rather fleshy and obtuse: pedicels about as long as calyx: corolla 
12 mm. long.—Salt marshes on or near the coast. 
