349 
2. Perianth adherent only to the base or lower half of the ovary. 
Perianth roughish-mealy........-... 22-222. -0000- 202 eee eeeee H&MODORACE, 426 
Perianth smooth; leaves grass-like...........-. Stenanthium, ete., in LILIAC"£, 431 
3 Perianth wholly free from the ovary. 
Pistils numerous or few in a head or ring..........-....-2.... ...-.- ALISMACE., 454 
Pistil one, compound (cells or placentie mostly 3). 
Perianth not glumaceous or chaffy; flowers not in dense heads. 
Stamens 6, similar and perfect. 
Seurfy-leaved (mostly epiphytic, with tufted seeds)...... BROMELIACEA, 425 
Terrestrial, not rush-like. 
Perianth of similar divisions or lobes, mostly colored, 
Perianth of 3 foliaceous and green sepals and 3 colored » LILIACE®, 431 
withering-persistent petals, Trillium in 
Perianth of 3 persistent green sepals, and 3 ephemeral 
deliquescent petals ...........-..----2.------------- COMMELINACE, 443 
Stamens 6, dissimilar. 
Sepals 3, herbaceous; ephemeral petals3, unequal........ COMMELINACE, 443 
Perianth tubular, 6-lobed...............-..---.-------- PONTEDERIACE, 441 
Stamens 3, similar; moss-like aquatic............-.--.-------- MAYACACE., 442 
Perianth wholly glumaceous, of 6 similar divisions ..........--.. JUNCACEA, 444 
Perianth partly glumaceous or chaft-like; flowers in very dense 
heads; rush-like or aquatic. 
Flowers perfect; inner perianth of 3 yellow petals; perfect 
stamens and plumose sterile filaments each 3; pod 1-celled, 
many-seeded on 3 parietal placentie .. 2.2.2... -.2---.22--2.----- XYRIDE®, 441 
Flowers monecious or diweious, whitish-bearded; stamens 4 
or 3; pod 2 or 3-celled, 2 or 5-seeded ........---.-...--.---- ERIOCAULE, 458 
C, GLuMaceous Diviston. Flowers destitute of proper perianth, except sometimes small 
scales or bristles, but covered by scale-like bracts or glumes. 
Glume a single scale-like bract with a flower in its axil.........---. CYPERACE#, 459 
Glumes in pairs, of two sorts ..... 0... 6... eee ee eee ee eee eee GRAMINE&, 484 
Class Il. GYMNOSPERMS: Those in which naked ovuwes are borne on 
the margin or upper surface of an open scale; moncecious or dice- 
cious trees or shrubs. 
Male flowers in aments; female subsolitary; nearly naked diecious 
shrubs ....-...---.-- +--+ 2+ +2 0-22 eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee GNETACE#, 552 
Female flowers in aments, becoming dry cones or berry-like; shrubs 
or large trees with needle or scale-like leaves. .......--..-+-+-+--- CONIFER®, 553 
Series I]. PTERIDOPIHYTES or FERNS AND THEIR ALLIES: Those 
without true flowers or seeds, reproducing by spores, and with a 
distinet axis containing fibro-vascular bundles. 
For key to the orders, see p, 557, 
