380 
leafy; whorls dense and approximated; pedicels about one-half longer than the 
truit, swollen-jointed near the base: valves 3 to 5 mm. long, round-ovate, barely cor- 
date, rounded or with a broad blunt acumination, minutely erose or exceptionally 
broadly dentate below; callosities 3, often rosy, smooth, ovoid, reaching to the mid- 
dle of the valve: achene 1.5 by 2.5 mm.—Introduced everywhere into cultivated and 
waste grounds. ‘Curled dock.” 
= = Valees triangular-ovate to oblong, sometimes with a contracted apex, 
a. Pedicels long and slender but rigid, abruptly reflered near the base then straight: 
valves rigid, with heavy veins, all of them with elongated wrinkled callosities: 
glabrous throughout. 
6. R. verticillatus L. Erect or quickly ascending (occasionally decumbent), 6 
dm. high from a cluster of short conical roots, rather slender, subsimple: leaves 
not wavy, the lower sometimes 5 by 40 em., lanceolate or mostly oblong-lanceolate, 
gradually acute at each end ; petioles spongy: inflorescence nearly leafless, with few 
ascending branches; whorls dense, very remote below; pedicels thrice as long as the 
fruit, swollen-jointed close to the base, gradually thickened toward the flower: 
valves 4 by 4 to 5 mm., deltoid to subhastately 3-lobed, more or less cuneate at base; 
callosities 1 mm. broad and as long as the valve exclusive of its apical lobe: achene 
2 by 3.5 mm.—Swamps, extending into Texas from the Atlantic States, 
b. Pedicels shorter, arcuately recurved: valves more flecible and with lighter veins, one or 
more of them with elongated callosities, 
1. Stem often glaucous: leaves pale green, lanceolate, minutely crenulate-erisped, not un- 
dulate or cordate: inflorescence nearly leafless: glabrous throughout, 
7. R. altissimus Wood. Rather slender, 6 to 9 dm, high: leaves as much as7 by 
20em., little crenulate, broadly lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, acute, mostly rounded 
at base: inflorescence with rather divergent branches, at length congested; whorls 
dense, approximate; pedicels rather slender, about as long as the fruit, swollen- 
jointed toward or near the base: valves 4 by 51nm., deltoid, subacute; callosities 3 
(occasionally one or none), white, wrinkled and pitted: achene 1.8 by 3 mm.—Rich 
soil, especially near brooks, extending from the Northern States into Texas. 
8. R. salicifolius Weinm. Resembling the last, but more tufted and ascending: 
leaves rarely over 2.5 by 15 em., lanceolate, often faleate, acute at both ends: pedicels 
searcely equalling the fruit or a few in each cluster longer, jointed near the base: 
valves 2 to 3 by 4 to 5 mm, triangular-ovate, acute, more delicately veined; callosi- 
ties variable in number, smooth or mostly pitted, often nearly as long as the valve, 
1mm. or more broad, leaving typically a very narrow margin on each side: achene 
1.3 by 1.7 to 2.5 mm.—-Extending to the mountains of western Texas from the far 
north. 
2, Not glaucous: leaves mostly darker green, the lower broadly ovate or widest above the 
middle, undulate, Sometimes cordate or abruptly rounded at base: inflorescence lax. 
9. R. Berlandieri Meisn. Erect, 6 to9 dm, high, glabrous to somewhat papillate: 
stem rather stout and succulent, mostly reddish, subsimple, zigzag above: leaves 
becoming 4 by 20 em., spatulate to oblanceolate, obtuse: panicles terminal and 
axillary, leafless except for the main axis; whorls dense, remote except above; ped- 
icels rather stout, swollen-jointed below the middle: valves 2.5 to 3 by 3 to 4 mm., 
subtriangular, erose or mostly with 3 or 4 very evident teeth on cach side towards 
the base; callosities mostly 3, oblong, wrinkled on the sides below, unequal, the 
larger (.7 mm. wide) extending beyond the middle of the valve: achene 1 by 2.3 
mm.—From Arizona and New Mexico through Texas to Mexico. 
