385 
in fruit: berries reddish, 4 mm. in diameter.—Near Eagle Pass, on Algarobia glandu- 
losa. 
4. P. juniperinum Engelm. Glabrous, stout, densely branched, 1.5 to 2.5 dm, 
high: branches round, the ultimate branchlets quadrangular: scales broadly trian- 
gular, obtusish, connate or distinct, ciliate: staminate spikes a single 6 to 8-flowered 
joint; pistillate spike 2-flowered: berry whitish or light red, 3mm, wide.—Howard 
Springs, etc., on different species of Juniperus, 
SANTALACEA. (SANDAL-WOOD FAMILY.) 
Herbs or shrubs (usually root-parasitic), with angled or striate 
branches, entire alternate mostly sessile leaves without stipules, mostly 
perfect flowers with 3 to 5-cleft perianth adherent to the 1-celled 2 to 
4-ovuled ovary, which becomes an indehiscent 1-seeded usually nut-like 
fruit, 3 to 5 stamens opposite the perianth lobes and at the edge of an 
epigynous often lobed disk, and a 2 to 5-lobed style. 
1. COMANDRA Nutt. (BASTARD TOADFLAX.) 
Low herbaceous smooth perennials, with subterranean rootstocks, 
glaucous leaves (lowest scale-like), greenish-white flowers in small 
terminal or axillary umbellate clusters, a campanulate or urn-shaped 
perianth with a 5-lobed persistent limb, included stamens, and anthers 
attached by tufts of hairs at base of calyx lobes. 
1. C. umbellata Nutt. Stem 1.5 to 3 dm. high, branched, very leafy: leaves 
oblong, pale (2.5em. long): peduncles several and corymbose-clustered at summit: 
calyx tube conspicuously continued as a neck to the dry globular urn-shaped fruit, 
the lobes oblong: style slender.—Dry groundson the tributaries of the Red River, 
Var. ANGUSTIFOLIA Torr. has all the middle and upper leaves linear and acute.— 
From western Texas to Arizona and New Mexico. 
2. C. pallida A. DC. Leaves narrower, more glaucous and acute, linear to nar- 
rowly lanceolate (or those on the main stem oblong), all acute or somewhat cuspi- 
date: fruit ovoid, larger (6 to 8 mm. long), sessile on a short stout pedicel.—Doubt- 
less to be found extending into northwestern Texas from the north and west, 
EUPHORBIACER. (SPURGE FAMILY.) 
Plants usually with milky acrid juice, moncecious or dicecious 
mostly apetalous (sometimes achlamydeous or occasionally polypetal- 
ous) flowers, free and usually 3-celled ovary with a single ovule (some- 
times a pair) hanging from the summit of the cell and maturing into a 
mostly 3-celled elastically dehiscent pod. 
* Flowers all without a calyx, included in a cup-shaped calyx-like involucre. 
1. Buphorbia. Involucre surrounding many staminate flowers (each of a single 
naked stamen) and one pistillate flower (a 3-lobed pistil). 
* * Flowers with a calyx and no involucre. 
+ Seeds and ovules two in each cell: flowers axillary. 
2. Reverchonia. Moncecious or dicecious: stamens 2: leaves alternate. 
3. Phyllanthus. Monecious: stamens 3, united: leaves 2-ranked. 
4, Andrachne. Moncecious: stamens 5 or 6: leaves alternate. 
+ + Seeds and ovules one in each cell. 
+ Flowers apetalous, in cymose panicles (di- or trichotomous): stamens 10, erect in 
bud, 
