408 
5. IOXYLON Raf. (OsaAGr ORANGE.) 
Trees, with entire pinnately veined leaves, axillary peduncles, stout 
axillary spines, dicecious flowers, the staminate with 4-parted calyx and 
4 stamens, the pistillate in a dense globose head with the 4-cleft calyx 
inclosing the ovary, long-exserted filiform styles, and the achene buried 
in the greatly enlarged fleshy calyx. (Maclura Mutt). 
1. I. pomiferum Raf. Tree 9 to 15m, high, with bright orange wood: leaves ovate 
to oblong-lanceolate, pointed, mostly rounded at base, green and shining: the aggre- 
gated mass of fruit globose, vellowish green, 5 to 12.5 em, in diameter. (Maclura 
aurantiaca Nutt.).—-Near waters, from eastern to central and southern Texas. Ex- 
tensively used for hedges. 
6. MORUS L. (MULBERRY.) 
Trees, with broad leaves, moncecious or diccious axillary flowers, 
4-parted calyx with ovate lobes, 4 stamens, elastically expanding fila- 
ments, 2-celled ovary (one of the cells smaller and disappearing), aud 
» filiform styles stigmatic down the inside. 
1. M.rubra L. (Rep MULBERRY.) Large tree, ripening its blackberry-like fruit 
in July: leaves cordate-ovate, serrate, rough above, downy beneath, pointed (on 
young shoots often lobed): flowers frequently diwcious: fruit dark purple, oblong.— 
Extending to the valley of the Colorado in Texas. 
2. M. microphylla Buckley. (WiLbD MULBERRY.) <A tree 4.5 to 6m, high, with 
smooth light gray bark, ripening its fruit the last of May: leaves cordate-ovate or 
-lobed, serrate with mucronate teeth, smoothish on both sides (veins and margins 
sparingly and minutely ciliate): styles divaricate and obtuse: fruit black and sour, 
with little juice and deep sinuses between the achenes, which are little compressed,.— 
A common Texan mulberry, from the valley of the Colorado, through western Texas 
to New Mexico. 
7. URTICA L. (NETTLE.) 
Herbs armed with stinging hairs, with distinct stipules, moncecious 
(rarely dicecious) greenish clustered flowers mostly in racemes or spikes 
or loose heads, sterile tlowers with four stamens inserted around the 
cup-shaped rudiment of a pistil, fertile flowers with the 2 outer sepals 
smaller, sessile stigmas, and an ovate flattened achene.—In summer. 
* Perennials: flower clusters in branching panicled spikes, often diwcious. 
1. U. gracilis Ait. Sparingly bristly, slender, 6to 18 dm. high: leaves ovate-lance- 
olate, pointed, serrate, 3 to 5-nerved from the rounded scarcely heart-shaped base, 
almost glabrous, the clongated petioles sparingly bristly: spike.slender and loosely 
panicled,—Extending from the Atlantic States to the banks of the Limpia. 
2. U. dioica L. Very bristly and stinging, 6 to9dm. high: leaves ovate, cordate, 
pointed, very deeply serrate, downy beneath as well as the upper part of the stem: 
spikes much branched.—From the Atlantic to Central Mexiao, 
3. U. Breweri Watson. Tall and stout, grayish with a short somewhat hispid 
pubescence, or nearly glabrous with scattered bristles: leaves thin, tinely pubescent, 
soon glabrate or roughish above, ovate to oblong-lanceolate, rounded or slightly 
cordate at base, coarsely serrate, on slender petioles: flowers in short open panicles, 
searcely exceeding the petioles.—From southern California to southern Colorado 
and Texas. 
** Annuals: flower-clusters chiefly axillary and shorter than the petioles, androgynous, 
4. U. urens L. With sparse stings, 2 to 3 dm. high: leaves elliptical-ovate, very 
