416 
13. Q. oblongifolia Torr. Tree 6 to 9m, high, with pale smoothish hark: leaves 
oblong, 2.5 to5 em. long and half as wide, on very short peticXes, entire (or with 
few blunt teeth), obtuse at each end or subcordate at. base, entirely glabrous (at 
firstsoft-downy), almost without reticulation: cups sessile, hemispherical, tubercled : 
acorns oblong (1.5 to 2.5 em. long).—Mountains of the Limpia, and westward. 
14. Q. Virginiana Mill. (Live oak.) Rather large tree: leaves small, oblong-ellip- 
tieal (6 to 7 cm. long), entire (or rarely spiny toothed), hoary beneath as well as the 
branchlets: peduncle conspicuous, 1 to 3-fruited: cup top-shaped: acorn oblong. Q. 
virens Ait.—Common along water courses extending from the Gulf States through 
southern and western Texas to the mountains of New Mexico, Used principally in 
shipbuilding. 
15. Q. hypoleuca Engelm. An evergreen black oak, becoming 9 m, high, with 
dark rough bark: leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, tapering into a short petiole, 
5 to 8 em. long, revolute on the margin, entire (or with few broad teeth toward the 
apex), glabrous and shining above, white-tomentose beneath: cup hemispherical, 
with triangular obtuse scales: acorns ovate, (Q. confertifolia in Torr, Mex. Bound. )— 
In the Limpia mountains and westward. This species and {the following are inter- 
mediate between the white and black oaks. 
16. Q. Bmoryi Torr. A shrubby or arborescent black oak (12 to 15m, high), 
with black bark and downy branchlets: leaves coriaceous, 3 to 4.5 em, long, on very 
short downy petioles, lanceolate with cordate or hastate base, tapering to a sharp 
point, spinose-dentate, rarely entire: cup hemispherical, with triangular obtuse 
almost flat scales covering obout one-third of the oblong long-pointed acorn (17 mm. 
long).—Throughout the mountain ranges of western Texas, and extending into 
New Mexico. Wood very heavy. 
Il. Bark dark and furrowed: leaves deciduous, the lobes and teeth acute and bristle- 
pointed: stamens mostly 4 to 6: cup-scales membranaceous : styles long and spreading: 
abortive ovules near the top of the perfect seed: inner surface of the nut tomentose: 
fruit maturing the second year, sessile or on short thick peduncles: wood porous and 
brittle. —BLAcK Oaks, 
* Leaves pinnatifid or lobed, slender petioled, not coriaceous, the lobes or teeth conspic- 
uously bristle-pointed. 
+,Mature leaves glabrous (or nearly 80) on both sides, oval, oblong or obovate, sinuately 
pinnatifid, turning various shades of red and crimson in autumn: large trees, with red- 
dish coarse-grained wood. 
17. Q. rubra L. (Rep oAK.) Bark of trunk gray and smoothish: leaves rather 
thin, turning dark red after frost, moderately pinnatifid, the lobes acuminate from a 
broad base, with few coarse teeth: cup saucer-shaped or flat, with a narrow raised 
border (18 to 24 mm, across), of rather fine close appressed scales, sessile or on a very 
short abrupt narrow stock or neck, very much shorter than the oblong-ovoid or 
ellipsoidal acorn, which is 2.5 em. or less long.—Extending to the valleys of the Colo- 
rado and San Antonio. Not abundant, and timber poor. Var. TEXANA Buckley, 
extending from the Colorado to the Nueces and the Limpia mountains, is a tree 20 to 
24m. high, with heavier and harder wood, much smaller oblong deeply sinuate-pin- 
natifid leaves glabrous or shining on both sides and with 2 or 3 scarcely dentate 
lobes, and acorns scarcely } as large. 
18. Q. coccinea Wang. (SCARLET OAK.) Bark gray, withreddish interior: leaves 
bright green, shining above, turning red in autumn, deeply pinnatifid, the slender 
lobes divergent and sparingly cut-toothed: cup top-shaped or hemispherical with 
conical base (14 to 18 mm. broad), coarsely scaly, covering 4 or more of the broadly or 
globular-ovoid acorn (12 to 18 mm. long), the scales somewhat appressed and glabrate 
(sometimes as in the var.)—An Eastern species, reported from Sutherland Springs. 
Var. TINCTORLA Gray (QUERCITRON. YELLOW-BARKED or BLACK OAK) occurs in easy 
Texas and in rocky ravines and mountains near the mouth of the Pecos. It has leaves 
