440 
18. TRILLIUM L. (WAKE ROBIN. BIRTH-ROOT.) 
Low perennial herbs, with a stout naked simple stem rising from 
a short tuber-like rootstock and bearing at summit a whorl of 3 ample 
net-veined leaves and a terminal large flower, 3 lanceolate herbaceous 
sepals, 3 larger petals, adnate anthers on short filaments, persistent 
sessile stigmas, and an ovate berry with several ovate seeds in each 
cell. 
1. T. pusillum Michx. Stem 1.5 to 2 dm. high: leaves sessile, lanceolate or oblong, 
obtuse, 3 to 5 em. long: sepals obtuse: petals lanceolate, acutish, pale flesh-color, 16 
to 20 mm. long: stigmas slender, united below. (7. Teranum Buckley.)—Northeast- 
ern Texas. 
19. MELANTHIUM L. 
Tall leafy roughish-downy plants from a thick rootstock, with linear 
or oblanceolate or oval leaves, monceciously polygamous cream-colored 
or greenish flowers in a pyramidal panicle, orbicwar to oblanceolate 
persistent perianth-segments, cordate or reniform confluently one-celled 
anthers, 3 subulate diverging styles, 3-lobed ovoid-conical pod of 3 
inflated carpels united in the axis, and several flat broadly winged 
seeds. 
1. M. Virginicum L. (BUNCH FLOWER.) Stems 9 to 15 dm. high, rather slender: 
leaves linear (8 to 20 mm, broad); perianth-segments flat, ovate to oblong or slightly 
hastate (5 to 8 mm. long), with conspicuous double gland at summit of claw: pod 12 
mm. long: seeds 10 in each cell, 4 to 6 mm. long.—Extending from the Atlantic 
States into Texas. 
20. ZYGADENUS Michx. 
Very smooth perennials, with simple stems from a coated bulb (in 
ours), linear leaves, large panicled greenish-white perfect or polyga- 
mous flowers, spreading withering persistent perianth, the oblong or 
obovate petal-like sepals with 1 or 2 glands near the base, stamens 
free from the sepals and about their length, cordate anthers, 3 styles, 
ovoid-conical pod, and angled seeds. 
1. Z. Nuttallii Gray. Stems3to 9dm, high: leaves flat, earinate: racemes rather 
densely flowered, with narrow bracts: perianth free: sepals with an ill-defined gland 
at base, not at all clawed: seeds 6 mm. broad.—Throughout northern Texas. 
21. SCHG|NOCAULON Gray. 
Scape very slender, from a black and fibrous bulb, with narrow long 
dry channelled radical leaves, many small pale-green nearly sessile per- 
fect flowers in a spike-like raceme, linear or linear-oblong obtuse 
perianth-segments, long-exserted stamens with reniform anthers, very 
short style with minute stigmas, and brown angled seeds. 
1. S. Drummondii Gray. Stout, 3 to 9 dm. high: leaves 2 to 6 mm. broad: raceme 
1 to 6 dm. long, with green flowers whose segments are oblong-lanceolate and 3mm. 
long: filaments stout, subelavate-filiform: fruiting pedicel 2 mm. long: pod erect, 
narrow, 12 mm. long, the cells 4 to 6-seeded, (S. Tecanum Scheele.)—Southern 
Texas (Yorktown and Sutherland Springs). 
