449 
gested, only a few centimeters in length and consisting of from 1 to 6 heads, occa- 
sionally 10 cm. long and bearing 15 or 20 heads, exceeded by the involucral leaf: 
heads 10 to 15 mm. in diameter: perianth 4 to 5 mm. long, its parts subulate, the 
outer longer than the inner: stamens about one-half as long as the perianth: capsule 
subulate, 1-celled, its beak 1to 1.5 mm. long, barely exceeding the perianth and holding 
the valves together throughout dehiscence: seed 0.4 to 0.5 mm. in length, oblong, 
acute at both ends, reticulated in about 20 longitudinal rows, the areole trans- 
versely plurilineolate.—Throughout the State. This plant and the next differ from 
all the others in their slender tuberiferous rootstocks. 
13. J. nodosus Texanus Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. ii, 471 (1868). Plant 20 
to 60 em. high: rootstock slender, about 1 mm. thick, tuberiform-thickened at inter- 
vals of a few centimeters: stems single, one for each tuber, erect, terete, slender, 3 to 
5-leaved: blades slender, divergent, not exceeding 1.5 mm. in thickness, seldom more 
than 1 mm.: inflorescence 10 cm. or less high, consisting of 2 to 15 heads, about 
equaled by its lowest leaf: heads 10 to 40-flowered: 8 to 10 mim. in diameter in 
flower, 12 to 15 mm. in fruit: perianth 3.5 to 4.5 mm. long, its parts subulate, the 
outer shorter than the inner: stamens one-half to two-thirds as long as the perianth: 
capsule subulate, 1-celled, valves united above in dehiscence; beak 1.5 to 2 mm. long, 
almost wholly exserted from the perianth: seed 0.4 to 0.5mm. in length, broadly oblong 
or obovate, acute at both ends, reticulated in about 20 longitudinal rows, the areolie 
transversely plurilineolate.—Southern and eastern Texas, 
+ + Heads few to many-flowered, turbinate or hemispherical. 
14. J. diffusissimus Buckley, Proc. Acad. Phila. 1862, 9 (1862.) Plant 30 to 60 em. 
high: rootstock very short and inconspicuous: stems usually few in a tuft, erect, 
slender, terete or slightly compressed, 2 to 4-leaved: blades 10 to 20 cm. long, 1 to 
1.5mm. thick: inflorescence diffusely branched, 10 to 20 cm. high, much exceeding its 
lowest leaf, the branches slender and widely spreading: heads 3 to 12-flowered: 
perianth 2.5 to 3.5 mm. long, its parts subulate, equal: stamens one-half to two- 
thirds as long as the perianth: capsule linear-lanceolate, 4 to 5.5 mm. in length, almost 
twice as long as the perianth, obtuse or broadly acute, short-mucronate, 1-celled, the 
valves separating through the apex in dehiscence: seed oblong to obovate, 0.4 to 0.5 
mm, long, acute at the base, abruptly apiculate at the apex, reticulated in about 16 
rows, the areolie transversely plurilineolate.—Eastern Texas. 
15. J. acuminatus Mx. Fl. Bor. Amer. i, 192 (1803). Plant 25 to 80 em. high: root- 
stock very short and inconspicuous: stems few or several in a tuft, erect, terete or 
slightly compressed, 1 to 3-leaved: blades of the lower leaves 10 to 18 cm. long, 1 to 
2mm. thick, the upper shorter: inflorescence commonly 5 to 15 cm. high, and with 4 to 
50 heads, rarely larger, or reduced to even a single head, its branches usually spreading 
or sometimes strict; heads 3 to 20-flowered, commonly 5 to 12-flowered: perianth 2.5 
to 3.5 mm. long, its parts lanceolate-subulate, nearly equal: stamens about one-half 
as long as the perianth; capsule orate-lanceolate, broadly acute, mucronate, 1-celled, 
equaling the perianth, light brown at maturity, the valves separating through the 
apex in dehiscence: seed narrowly to broadly oblong, 0.4 to 0.55 mm. in length, acute 
at both ends, reticulated in about 16 to 20 longitudinal rows, the areole transversely 
plurilineolate.—Eastern and southern Texas. 
16. J, acuminatus robustus Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. ii, 463 (1868). Plant 
60 to 100 cm. high: rootstock short, inconspicuous: stems few in a tuft, stout, nearly 
terete, 2 to 3mm. thick below, 1 to 2-leaved: blades erect, terete, conspicuously sep- 
tate, 20 to 60 cm. long, 2 to 3.5 mm. thick, usually reaching the inflorescence: 
inflorescence 10 to 25 cm. high, with moderately spreading branches and innumerable 
heads, its largest leaf with a blade obsolete or sometimes one-half as long as the inflores- 
cence: heads 2 to 10-flowered: perianth 2 to 3 cm. long, its parts nearly equal, lan- 
ceolate-subulate: stamens one-half to two-thirds as long as the perianth: capsile one 
to one and one-third times as long as the perianth, light brown or almost stramin- 
