450 
cous at maturity, narrowly to broadly oblong, obtuse with a short apiculation, tri- 
quetrous when dry, 1-celled, the valves separate and involute after dehiscence: seed 
as in J, acuminatus.—Eastern Texas. <A larger, stouter plant than the type form 
with more numerous, fewer-flowered heads, and smaller flowers and capsules. 
17. Juncus Billiottii Chapm. Fl. South U.S. 494 (1860), Plant 20 to 75 em. high: 
stems erect, tufted, from branched congested rootstocks, 3-leaved, nearly terete; 
lower leaf-blades commonly 8 to 15 em. long, rarely reaching 25 cm., the upper often 
much shorter, 1 to 2 mm. in diameter: inflorescence 3 to 20 em, high, occasionally 
somewhat larger, with moderately spreading branches, and 5 to sometimes 150 heads, 
the blades of the lowest invulucral leaf usually obsolescent, rarely 4 em. long: heads 
2 to 5-flowered: perianth 2 to 2.5 mm. long, the parts equal, lanceolate, and acute: 
stamens one-half to three-fourths as long as the perianth; the anthers shorter than 
the filaments: capsule oblong to narrowly oblong, at maturity chestnut-brown above 
and shining, broadly acute, equalling the perianth, 1-celled, the valves spreading and 
often involute when mature: seed lanceolate-oblong, 0.35 to 0.45 mm. in length, retic- 
ulated in about 12 to 14 rows, the areolw linear-oblong, and smooth, or marked with a 
single longitudinal line.—Kastern Texas. Distinguishable from all forms of J. 
acuminatus by its chestnut-brown capsules, and its darker-colored seeds with fewer 
rows of reticulations and smooth areole; and from the type form of J. acuminatus 
also in its heads with fewer and smaller flowers, 
Group V. GRAMINIFOLIL Bueh. 
Flowers aprophyllate; leaves gramineous, not septate, 
* Capsule subulate. 
18. J. repens Mx. Fl. Bor. Amer. i, 191 (1803). Plant apparently perennial by 
stolons; stems tufted, compressed, commonly 1 to 2 mm. in width, ascending to a 
height of 5 to 20 em., or prostrate, often rooting at the nodes, and sometimes attaining a 
length of nore than 50 em.: leaves with compressed sheaths 2 em. or less in length, 
auriculate, the blades commonly 3 to 8 cm. long and 1 to 2 mm. broad, filiform- 
acuminate at the apex: inflorescence paniculate, the heads 1 to 8, one or more often 
occurring also at the lower nodes: heads 5 to 10-flowered: tlowers 6 to 10 mm. long, 
those outermost in the head slightly recurved: perianth parts subulate-lanceolate, 
green to stramineous at maturity, the outer keeled and about one-third shorter than 
the inner: stamens 3, one-half to one-third the length of the perianth, the filaments 
several times longer than the yellow anthers: capsule subulate, but beakless, about 
as long as the outer perianth parts, 3-celled, the valves membranaceous and break- 
ing away from the placental axis in dehiscence: seeds oblong, acute at both ends, 
0.3 to 0.4 mm. long, finely reticulated in 25 to 40 longitudinal rows, the areole much 
broader than long.—Eastern Texas, near the coast. 
* * Capsule obovate. 
19. J. marginatus aristulatus (Mx.) Coville, Proc. Biol. Soe. Wash. viii, 128 (1893), 
J. aristulatus Mx. Fl. Bor. Amer. i, 192 (1808) J. marginatus biflorus (E1L.) Engelm. 
Perennial, commonly 30 to 60 cm. high, sometimes reaching 100 cm.: rootstock hori- 
zontal, 1 to 2.5 mm. in diameter, its annual growth about 1 to 2 em.: stem erect, com- 
pressed, 2 to 4-leaved, tuberiform-thickened at base to a diameter of 3 to 10 mm.: 
leaves of the stem with auriculate sheaths 2 to 8cm, long, and flat, striate blades 1 to 
5 mm. broad and 5 to 20 em. in length: inflorescence paniculate, commonly 5 to 12 cm. 
high and with innumerable branches and heads, sometimes much reduced: heads usually 
2 to 5-flowered: flowers 2.5 to 3.5 mm. long: perianth parts with green midrib, rather 
poorly defined brown lateral stripes, and hyaline margins, the outer 3 shorter, ovate, acute 
to acuminate at apex, the inner 3 longer, oblong to obovate, usually mucronate, but 
broadly obtuse at the apex by reason of the broad, hyaline margins: stamens 3, as 
