536 
52. CATHESTECUM Presi. 
Spikelets 2 to 4-flowered, in sessile cuneate clusters, racemose on the 
slender axis, each cluster bearing 3 spikelets, the lateral ones 2-flowered, 
the terminal one 2 to 4-flowered: glumes all membranaceous; first 
empty glume short, erosely truneate, or often mucronate; second 
empty glume lanceolate, nearly equaling the lower floret; floral glume 
2 or 4-lobed at the apex with the 3 nerves produced in short awns at 
the sinuses; palet equaling the glume, the two nerves slightly excur- 
rent.—Low creeping grasses with narrow flat leaves. 
1. C. erectum Vasey & Hackel. Culms erect, 1 to 2 dm. high, slender, from a 
leafy tufted base, propagating by stoloniferous runners: spikelets in 5 to 10 clus- 
ters about 5 mm. long; awns 1 to 4 mm. long.—Mesas, western Texas to central 
Mexico. 
53. SCLEROPOGON Phillippi. 
Spikelets dicecious (rarely moncecious), very unlike, narrowly panicu- 
late: staminate spikelets compressed, linear, many (10 to 14)-flowered ; 
empty glumes lanceolate, acute, subequal, nearly equaling the contigu- 
ous florets; floral glume 3-toothed or subentire, equaled by the palet: 
pistillate spikelets narrowly cylindrical, 38 to 5-flowered; empty 
elumes lanceolate, the upper larger; floral glume rigid, cylindrical, 
enveloping the palet, linear grain and long internode of the rachilla, 
5-nerved, the three prominent nerves terminating in 35 long straight 
twisted awns.—Slender-stemmed grasses with short flat leaves, from 
matted rootstocks. 
1. S. Karwinskianus (Fourn.) Benth. Culms 1 to 38 dm. high, generally simple 
above the cespitose leafy base: staminate spikelets 5 to 8, 1 to 3 din. long; pistillate 
spikelets 1 to 2 cm. long; awns rigid, several times longer than the florets, 
(Lesourdia Karwinskyana Fourn.)—High rocky ridges, western Texas to Arizona, 
54. MONANTHOCHLOE Engelm. 
Spikelets dicecious, slightly dissimilar, 2 rarely 3-flowered, sessile, 
usually in pairs, hidden in fascicles of leaves; rachilla slightly con- 
tinued beyond the base of the staminate florets: empty glumes similar 
to the leaves; floral glumes membranaceous, obtuse or denticulate, 
enveloping the palet and stamens or long-styled pistil: grain narrowly 
oblong.—Creeping or stoloniferous grasses, with short rigid distichous 
leaves. 
1. M. littoralis Engelm. Culms rigid, ascending, 1 to 2 dm. high, bearing numer- 
ous crowded leaves about 1 em. long. 
to Florida and in southern California. In appearance very much like a creeping 
Salt marshes, mostly near the coast, Texas 
juniper. 
55. MUNROA Torr. 
Spikelets 3 to 5-flowered, perfect or the upper tlorets sterile, sessile 
in leafy clusters at the nodes and ends of branches: empty glumes 
thin, lanceolate, subequal, slightly shorter than the contiguous Horets: 
