5D3 
staminate perianth cuneate-oblong, included: fertile aments of numerous whorls of 
entire bracts (10 to 12 mm. long): fruit smooth, 12 mm. long.—In the mountains and 
along the Rio Grande, from HE] Paso to Frontera, 
5. EB. Torreyana Watson. Like the last, but the branches not spinose, and the 
short acutish scales less persistent and not becoming shreddy: staminate perianth 
round-ovate: fertile aments with fewer (6 or 7 whorls) often crenulate bracts (6 to 
101mm. long): fruit scabrous, about 8 mm. long,—Extending from the Rio Grande 
northwestward, 
CONIFERA. (PINE IAMILyY.) 
Mostly evergreen trees or shrubs, with resinous juice, mostly awl- 
Shaped or needle-shaped entire leaves, moncecious (rarely dicecious) 
flowers in catkins and destitute of calyx or corolla, fertile flowers in 
scaly aments becoming cones or berry-like, and two or more ovules at 
the base of each scale. 
*Fertile scales numerous, spirally imbricated, forming in fruit a dry coriaceous 
cone: staminate flowers also spirally arranged: leaves scattered or fascicled, from 
linear to needle-shaped: flowers monecious: leaf buds scaly: evergreens. 
1. Pinus. Cones maturing the second year, the scales becoming thickened and 
corky: leaves 2 to 5 in a cluster, surrounded at base by a sheath of scarious bud- 
scales. 
2. Pseudotsuga. Cones maturing the first year, the scales remaining thin: leaves 
solitary, petioled. 
** Fertile aments of several spirally arranged imbricated scales. without bracts, 
becoming a globular woody cone: leaves linear, alternate: leaf buds not scaly. 
3. Taxodium. Seeds two to each scale: leaves 2-ranked, deciduous. 
** * Fertile scales few, decussately opposite, becoming in fruit drupe-like with bony 
seeds: leaves opposite or ternate: flowers dicecious: leaf-buds not scaly. 
4, Juniperus. Berry globose, reddish, blue, or blackish, ripening the second 
year: evergreens, 
1. PINUS L. (Prxr.) 
Trees, with the primary leaves (only on seedlings and young shoots) 
flat and subulate and serrulate, the secondary in bundles and needle- 
shaped (terete, semiterete or triangular, depending on the number in a 
bundle), the sterile cluster at the base of the shoot of the same spring, 
the fertile inmediately below the terminal bud, and the cone-fruit formed 
of imbricated woody carpellary scales.— Valuable timber trees. 
* Leaves 5, each with a single fibro-vascular bundle: sheaths loose and deciduous: cones 
subterminal, with scales but slightly thickened at apex and without prickle or point. 
1. P. flexilis James. About 15 to 18m. high and 9 to 15 dm. in diameter, with 
furrowed gray bark: leaves 3 to 5cm. long: cones oval to subcylindric, 7 to 12cm, 
long, light brown, with somewhat squarrose scales.—In the Guadalupe and Limpia 
mountains and westward. ‘White pine.” 
