455 
= — Scales not spiny. 
g. P. cembroides Zuce. A small tortuous tree (9in. high), with spreading or sub- 
deftlexed branches ascending at apex: leaves sometimes in pairs, short (3 to 4 em. 
long), rigid, with smooth margin, deep green; sheaths very short, finally lacerate: 
cones small, ovate-globose or globose (6 to 12 em, long); the scales thick and 
unarmed: seeds large, with minute wing.—On the summits of the Presidio Moun- 
tains. ‘Nut pine,” 
2. PSEUDOTSUGA Carr. (DOUGLAS SPRUCE.) 
A very large tree, at first pyramidal and spruce-like and often at last 
more spreading, with leaves 2-ranked by a twist at the base, the 
stomata only on the lower surface, close to the epidermis of which are 
the two lateral resin-ducts. 
1. P. Douglasii Carr. About 45 to 90 m. high and 18 to 45 dm, in diameter, with 
very thick brown deeply fissured bark: leaves flat, linear, 1.5 to 2.5 cm. or more 
long: cones 5 to 10 em, long, subcylindrical; bracts more or less exserted and 
spreading or reflexed, giving a fringed appearance to the cones: seeds triangular, on 
the upper side convex and reddish brown, on the lower flat and white, 6 mm. long. 
(Abies Douglasii Lind].)—In the Guadalupe Mountains and northwestward. ‘ Red fir.” 
“Yellow fir.” ‘‘ Oregon pine.” 
3. TAXODIUM Richard. (BALD CYPREss.) 
Large and valuable trees, with narrow linear 2-ranked deciduous 
leaves (part of the leafy branchlet also deciduous), moncecious flowers 
with both kinds on thé same branch; the sterile short-panicled, of few 
stamens (scale-like shield-shaped filaments bearing 2 to 5 anther-cells) ; 
the fertile catkins ovoid, in small scaly clusters, with a pair of ovules at 
the base of each scale, and a closed globular cone composed of very 
thick and angular somewhat shield-shaped scales bearing 2-angular 
seeds at base. 
1. T. distichum Richard. Leaves linear and spreading; also some awl-shaped 
and imbricated ones on flowering branchlets.—Extending from the Gulf States to the 
valley of the Nueces; also a few trees between that and the Devils River. 
4. JUNIPERUS L. (.JUNIPER.) 
Evergreen trees or shrubs, with subulate or scale-like rigid leaves 
(often of two shapes), dicecious (occasionally moncecious) flowers in very 
short lateral catkins, 5 to 6 anther-cells attached to the lower edge of 
the peltate-scale, the ovoid fertile catkins of 3 to 6 fleshy coalescent one- 
ovuled scales forming a sort of berry in fruit (which is sealy-bracted 
underneath and bluish-black with white bloom) with 1 to 3 ovate wing- 
less bony seeds. 
* Aments axillary: leaves in whorls of three, free and jointed at base, linear-subulate, 
prickly-pointed, channelled and white glaucous above. 
1. J.communis L. (COMMON JUNIPER.) Shrub or small tree, with spreading or 
pendulous branches: leaves rigid, more or less spreading (10 to 18mm. long): berry 
dark blue, 6 mm. or more in diameter.—Dry sterile hills of northwestern Texas and 
New Mexico; its southern limit. 
