82 
D. Panicle spike-like, or narrow (sometimes spreading during flowering), the rays short. 
15. C. Nuttalliana Steudel. (Gray’s Manual, 6th ed., p. 650.) Culms stout, 3 tod 
feet high; leaves long, 2 to 4 lines wide, scabrous on the upper surface; panicle con- 
tracted, 4 to 6 inches long, rays short, erect, empty glumes lanceolate, tapering into 
slender, awl-shaped tips, 3 lines long, very scabrous; floral glume a little shorter, 
acuminate, strongly nerved, awn borne above the middle, stout, slightly exceeding 
the glume; palet linear-lanceolate, acuminate, nearly equaling its glume; hairs of 
the callus scanty, half as long, and those of the tuft on the top of the rudiment 
copious and nearly equaling the glume; grain-bearded at the summit.—New Eng- 
land, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, to Virginia, North Carolina and southward. 
16. C.confinis Nutt. (Gray’s Manual, 6thed., p. 650.) (Calamagrostis inexpansa Gray; 
Deyeuxia confinis Kth.) Culms 2 to 4 feet high, smooth except near the panicle ; leaves 
flat, or becoming more or less involute, scabrous; panicle elongated, 4 to 6 inches 
long, the scabrous rays spreading at flowering time, afterwards appressed; empty 
glumes thickish, more or less scabrous, lance-oblong or lance-ovate, acute, about 2 
lines long, 3-nerved; floral glume nearly as long, acute, rather thin, awn from 
below the middle, and about equaling the glume; palet nearly equaling its glume, 
narrow; hairs of callus and rudiment one-third or little shorter than the floral 
glume.—Swamps near Lake Erie and westward to Minnesota. Appears to pass into 
the next species. 
17. C. robusta. (C. stricta Trin.; Deyeuxia neglecta Kth. in part.) Culms 14 to 2 
feet high, scabrous above, rigid; leaves scabrous, involute or becoming so, the radical 
ones numerous, ligule narrow, 1 to 14 lines long, obtuse; panicle strict, 4 to 6 inches 
long, the rays very short, sometimes glomerate; empty glumes about 1} lines long, 
ovate-oblong, acute, roughish, nearly equal; floral glumes nearly as long, acute, 
scabrous; awn from below the middle equaling or slightly shorter or longer than its 
glume; palet one-fourth to one-third shorter than its glume, bifid at apex; hairs of 
callus and rudiment usually one-third to one-half shorter than the glume, sparse.— 
Throughout the Rocky Mountain region from British America and Washington to 
Colorado and Arizona. 
18. C. Montanensis Scribn. Culms stoloniferous, 9 to 12 inches high, rather rigid, 
erect; leaves of radical tufts rigid, involute-setaceous or becoming so, 6 inches long , 
culm leaves similar but shorter, scabrous ; panicle narrow, linear to oblong, 2 to 24 
inches long, dense; rays very short, fasciculate; empty glumes narrowly lanceolate, 
acute, 2 lines long or more, with the pedicels scabrous, whitish; floral glume one 
fourth shorter (or 1} lines long), thinnish, finely scabrous, acutely 4-toothed, the stiff 
awn from the lower third about equaling its glume; palet a little shorter, bifid at 
apex; hairs of callus one-third as long, and those of the rudiment two-thirds as long 
as the flowering glume. Rather abundant.—Montana (I. L. Scribner, R. S. Williams). 
19. C. stricta Trin. (4rundo stricta Trin.; Deyeuxia neglecta Kth.) Culms slender, 
1} to 2 feet high; leaves mostly near the base, slender, almost filiform, 2 to 4 inches 
long, one above the middle of culm, 2 to3 inches long, ligule very short, obtuse ; pan- 
icle narrow, 24 to 3 inches long, rather sparsely flowered, much less dense than in C. 
stricta ; empty glumes about 14 lines long, linear-lanceolate, acute, thinner than the 
preceding 5 floral glume thin, one-fourth shorter than the empty glume, obtuse, mi- 
nutely 4-toothed, 5-nerved below, the awn about the middle slightly exceeding the 
glume; palet one-fourth to one-third shorter than its glume, hairs of callus and rudi- 
ment about one-half the length of the floral glume.—Labrador (ZL. M. Turner). 
Seems exactly like Scandinavian specimens of Calamagrostis stricta Hartinann, 
20. C. Suksdorfii Scribn. Culms tufted, 2 to 3 feet high, smooth; leaves of culm 
about 3, 6 inches long, 1 to 2 lines wide, with slender acuminate points, upper ligules 
1 to 2 inches long, laciniate, decurrent, lower sheaths shorter and upper ones longer 
than the internodes; panicle erect, 3 to 5 inches long, close or sometimes rather loose, 
pale or sometimes purplish, the rays glomeérate, unequal, the shorter ones crowded 
with the almost sessile spikelets, the longer ones an inch or two long, flower-bearing 
