105 
upwards: flowers about 2.5 em. long: fruit 1 to 2.5 em. long: seeds large 
(1.2 to 1.5 mm. in diameter), globose and wrinkled, partly immersed in 
a brown spongy or corky cup-shaped 3-lobed appendage. (Ul. Cact. 
Mex. Bound. t. 7)—Type, Parry of 1850, but modified by Le Conte 14 
and Bigelow of 1854, all in Herb, Mo, Bot. Gard. 
Gravelly soil and sandy stream-banks, from the eastern slopes of the 
mountains of southern California, throughout western Arizona and 
southern Nevada to southern Utah; referred also to “N. W. Mexico” 
by Hemsley (Biol. Centr.-Amer.). 
Specimens examined: CALIFORNIA (Parry of 1850; Newberry of 1858; 
Parish of 1882): ARIZONA (Le Conte 14; Bigelow of 1854; Dr. Loeaw of 
1875): also Palmer of 1870, but with no locality. 
In the original description this species was confounded with C. grahami, with 
which it grows and which it much resembles; and this, together with the fact that 
4 central hooked spines are seldom found, induced Dr. Engelmann (Syn. Cact. 
262) to propose the more appropriate but untenable name Af, phellosperma. The 
resemblance to C. grahami is not so close as general appearance would indicate, as 
the more oblong or cylindrical form, longer and less crowded tubercles, more numer- 
ous spines, often more than one hooked central, large seeds, and remarkable seed- 
appendages serve well to distinguish it. 
+ + Plants with fasciculate slender cylindrical stems (80 to 45 em, high, and 2.6 to 6 
em. in diameter): Lower Californian. 
23. Cactus roseanus (Brandegee), 
Mamillaria longihamata Engelm. Mss. 
Mamillaria roxseana Brandegee, Zoe, ii, 19 (1891). 
Fasciculately branched at base, the stems 30 to 45 em. long (some- 
times pendent from rocks and as much as 200 em. long) and 2.5 to 5 
em. in diameter, the whole plant glaucous: tubercles elongated-conical, 
ascending, 10 to 12 mm. long, with woolly axils: radial spines 7 to 10, 
straight, rigid and sharp, 9 to 15 mm. long, dark reddish when young, 
becoming ashy, the upper ones the longer; the solitary central much 
longer (20 to 80 mm.), almost black below and with reddish tip, becom- 
ing ashy with age, usually hooked downwards: flowers numerous, 2.5 
to 3.5 em. long, bright scarlet: fruit obovate to globose, scarlet, 6 to 9 
mm, in diameter, fleshy: seeds black and pitted.—Type in Herb. Calif. 
Acad. 
Apparently common at low elevations throughout southern Lower 
California, especially the eastern side. 
Specimens examined: LOWER CALIFORNIA (W, M. Gabb 17 of 1867, 
near Loreto; Brandegee of 1889, at San Gregorio; Palmer 139 of 1890, 
near La Paz; Palmer 830 of 1890, on Carmen Island; Brandegee 241 of 
1890, at Rancho Colorado), 
One of the most showy species of Lower California. The plant has the appear- 
ance of a Coryphanth, and is remarkable for its tall and slender habit, its large 
central hooks, and its globose fruit. Since 1867 this species has been in Herb. Engel- 
mann, fully characterized as above under the very appropriate specific name longi- 
hamatus, 
