106 
24. Cactus setispinus, sp. nov. 
Mamillaria setispina Engelm. Mss. 
Fasciculate and ascending, simple or branched at base, the stems 
about 30 em. high and 3 to 6 em. in diameter, densely covered with 
remarkably long stout spines: tubercles short and broadly conical, with 
axillary wool: spines white, with black tips; radials 10 to 12, widely 
spreading, very unequal, 10 to 34 mm. long, slender and flexuous; cen- 
tral spines 1 to 4, more rigid and much longer (20 to 50 min.), the upper 
ones straight, the lowest one longest aud hooked (usually upwards) and 
often variously curved and twisted: fruit obovate and scarlet, 30 mm. 
long: seeds, black and pitted.—Type, Gabb 15 in Herb. Mo. Bot. Gard. 
Rocky or gravelly soil, San Julio Canyon, and in the vicinity of San 
Borgia, Lower California. 
Specimens examined: LOWER CALIFORNIA (W. M. Gabb 15 of 1867, 
at San Borgia; Brandegee of 1889, from San Borgia and San Julio 
Canyon). 
In his notes Mr. Gabb describes the flower as ‘large, 3 to 34 inches long, bell- 
shaped, of a beautiful purplish red color,” concerning which Dr. Engelmann remarks 
“this would indicate a Coryphanth, but the tubercles show no trace of a groove, 
and, moreover, a withered remnant of a flower laterally attached (say 18 to 20 mm. 
long), 80 that I have no doubt that Mr. Gabb’s statement is founded on some error,” 
It is very probable that the flowers are scarlet and larger than Dr, Engelmann sug- 
gests. The species is closely allicd to C. roseanus, but differs in its shorter tuber- 
cles and much longer spines. About a dozen stems rise in a clump, about a foot 
high, covering an area of 2 or 3 feet. These two species represent a very distinct 
Lower Californian group of cylindrical and hooked Eumamillarias. Both probably 
have showy scarlet flowers and may attain considerable length when growing upon 
rock ledges so as to become pendent, The specimens of C. setispinus from San Julio 
Canyon are from younger parts and show but a single long and hooked central. 
The San Borgia specimens show mostly 3 or 4 centrals, the lowest one hooked and 
becoming remarkably long and often variously twisted and curved. However, I can 
discover no difference except such as may be due to age. 
** “ Central spines present and not hooked. 
+ Central spines more than one, longer than the radials, which are numerous, white and 
slender (capillary or bristle-like) (rigid in C, Halei). 
25. Cactus halei (Brandegee). 
Mamillaria halei Brandevee, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. Ser, 2. ii, 161 (1889). 
Stems cylindrical, 8 to 10 in a clump, about 30 em, high and 65 to 7.5 em. 
in diameter: tubercles short, with axillary wool: radial spines 10 to 22, 
rigid and erect-spreading, unequal, 6 to 15 mm. long; central spines 
numerous and erect-spreading, 1 to 3 of them very stout and promi- 
nent (25 to 35 mm, long); all the spines straight, at first reddish brown, 
becoming yellowish and ashy, more or less dark-tipped: flowers 2.5 em, 
long, bright scarlet (almost throughout): fruit 12 mm. long, clavate 
and red: seeds black and pitted. (J/l. 1. ct. 6)—Type in Herb. Calif. 
Acad. 
Abundant on Magdalena and Santa Margarita Islands, western 
coast of Lower California. Fl. January. 
