120 
58. Cactus radiosus (Engelm.). 
Mamillaria vivipara Engelm. Pl. Fendl. 49 (1849), not Haw. : 1819). 
Mawmillaria radiosa Engelm. Pl. Lindh. 196 (1850). 
Mamillaria vivipara radiosa texrana Engelm. Syn. Cact. 269 (1856). 
Ovate or cylindrical, 5 to 12.5 cm. high and about 5 cm. in diameter, 
simple or sparingly proliferous: tubercles terete, more or less grooved 
above, 8 to 12 mm. long: radial spines 20 to 30, straight, slender, white 
with dusky apex, very unequal, 6 to 8 mm. long; central spines 4or 5, 
stouter, yellowish or tawny, 8 to 12 mm. long, the upper ones the longer 
and more robust, the lowest one shorter and porrect: flowers 3.5 to 5.5 
em. long, about the same diameter when fully open, violet to dark pur. 
ple: stigmas 7 to 9, obtuse: fruit oval and green: seeds yellowish or 
brown, obovate, pitted, fully 2mm. long. (Jl. Cact. Mex. Bound, t. 74. 
fig. 5, seeds )—Type, Lindheimer of 1846 in Herb. Mo. Bot. Gard. 
Extending across southern Texas, from the Guadalupe to [1] Paso, 
thence into contiguous New Mexico and across the Rio Grande near 
Juarez (northern Chihuahua). Fl. May-June. 
Specimens examined: TEXAS (Lindheimer of 1846): NEw MExico 
(Bigelow of 1855): CHIHUAHUA, near Juarez (Hvans of 1891): also 
specimens cultivated from the type in St. Louis in 1846. 
Attention has been called under C. viviparus to the characters that distinguish it 
from C. radiosus. The characters there given for the latter species apply to the 
whole group of included forms. The type of the species is the var. Texana of 
Engelmann’s Syn. Cact. and Mex. Bound., which is characterized in the above 
description. 
_ 59. Cactus radiosus neo-mexicanus (Engelm.). 
Mamillaria vivipara radiosa neo-mexicana Engelm. Syn. Cact. 269 (1856 ). 
Generally lower (3.5 to 10 cm.) and subglobose to ovate or even sub- 
cylindrical, branching at base or simple, with more numerous (12 to 40) 
radial spines, more numerous (3 to 12) and purplish centrals, and 
smaller seeds. (Ill. Cact. Mex. Bound. t. 74. fig. 4, seeds)—Type, pre- 
sumably the Wright, Bigelow, and Schott specimens from western 
Texas, New Mexico, and Sonora, all in Herb. Mo. Bot. Gard. 
From southern Utah, central Colorado, and western Kansas, south- 
ward through western Texas, New Mexico and Arizona into Chihuahua 
and Sonora. 
Specimens examined: KANSAS (Carleton 530 of 1891, in Meade 
County): OKLAHOMA (Carleton 233 of 1891): CoLoRADO (Hall and Har. 
bour of 1862; Brandegee 645 of 1873; Hicks of 1890): Uran (Siler of 
1870): NEw Mexico (Wislizenus of 1846; Fendler 244, 271, of 1847; 
Wright 298; Bigelow of 1853; G. Rk. Vasey of 1881): TExas ( Wright of 
1849, 1851, 1852; Bigelow of 1853): ARIZONA (Rothrock, with no num- 
ber or date): SonoRA (Schott of 1855): CHIHUAHUA (vans of 1891, 
near Juarez). 
It is through this variety that C. radiosus approaches most nearly to C. viviparus, 
in the forms with few radials and centrals, but the specific characters seem to hold. 
This is the Mamillaria vivipara of the Syn. Fl. Colorado (Porter and Coulter). 
