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Amorpha fruticosa and Salix fluviatilis line the rivers for long dis- 
tances and are the most common woody plants of the lowlands. Two 
other Salices, Cornus stolonifera, Ribes floridum, an upright form of 
Rhus radicans, Kosa fendleri, and Prunus anrericana are also common 
on or near the river banks. 
On the hillsides and in the dry parts of the valleys the most com- 
mon woody plants are Prunus demissa and Symphoricarpos occidentalis. 
Acer negundo, Rosa arkansana, Ribes aureum, and Rhus trilobata were 
also found here and there on the hillsides; also Frarinus pennsyl- 
vanica and its variety lanceolata, with several intermediate forms. 
None of the latter were of large size, and most of them were only 
stunted shrubs. At Norway, Mullen, on the south prong of Middle 
Loup, and also on the Dismal River, some cottonwood (Populus del- 
toides) was found. Celtis occidentalis occurs on both rivers, but is not 
very common. Near the forks of the Dismal there were some speci- 
mens between 4 and 5 dm. in diameter. Juniperus virginiana was 
found along the Dismal River. Judging from the stumps and brush 
left, it must earlier have been a very common tree and of considerable 
size. What now remains consists mostly of young trees. Partheno- 
cissus quinquefolia and Vitis vulpine were occasionally met with on the 
river banks.. More local were Celastrus scandens and Rubus oeciden- 
talis, found near Plummer lord; Libes gracile, near Crumb’s horse 
ranch; Crateqgus coccinea, near the forks of Dismal River; Ulmaus ameri- 
cana, on the South Dismal about 4 miles above the forks; and Rhus 
glabra, 3 miles below our first camp on Dismal Liver. 
NATIVE FORAGE PLANTS. 
The principal hay lands in the region are the wet valleys and that 
part of the Middle Loup bottom land which can be mowed. The grass 
land along the Dismal and the upper part of the Middle Loup is too 
narrow and too much cut up by the river to admit of mowing and hence 
must be used as pasture. Grant County, which consists mostly of sand 
hills and wet valleys, is a fair stock-raising country. The wet valleys 
are used chiefly as hay lands, while the dry valleys, the hillsides, and 
even the sand hills are used as pasture. The hay crop is here made 
up principally of the following grasses, which are arranged according 
to their relative value, considering partly quantity and partly quality. 
Those in the left-hand column are regarded as the better: 
Andropogon provincialis. Agrostis erarata. 
Panicum virgatum, Panicularia nervata. 
Agropyron repens glaucum. Panicularia americana. 
Andropogon nutans, Spartina cynosuroides. 
Muhlenbergia racemosa. Beckmannia erucaformis. 
Phalaris arundinacea. Carex trichocarpa aristata, 
Agropyron violaceum (2) majus. Scirpus triangularis. 
Calamagrostis canadensis. Distichlis spicata stricta. 
Elymus canadensis. Kleockaris palustris. 
The meadows aloug Middle Loup contain all enumerated above with 
