215 
In its early-flowering form this species suggests a close affinity with V. rotun- 
difolia Mx. But the leafy stems remove it to the neighborhood of V’. sarmentosa 
Dougl. From the latter our plant differs abundantly in the bright-green leaves 
with deeply cordate base, in the short, two-leafed sarmentose stems, reluctantly 
rooting, if at all, and in the usually clustered cleistogamous flowers, 
Hooker,' the author, states that he is ‘not sure there are not two species” 
among his specimens of I’, sarmentosa Dougl. One which sent out wiry stems 
like the runners of the strawberry and had purple-dotted leaves he took to be the 
probable type of Douglas’s species. The other plant, he says, ‘has no stolons; 
the pale-green, almost reniform, leaves are quite destitute of dots, and have 
an injured flower arising from the root.” This description agrees very well with 
the early-flowering form of our plant. For the stipules near the base of the 
subradical peduncle were probably present, as they are easily overlooked, 
unless there is at hand a good series, among which some leaf-bearing flowering 
stems are apt to oceur. Another circumstance favoring the supposition that 
this is the plant referred to by Hooker is that it comes from Nez Perces County, 
Idaho, less than 200 miles south of the type locality of I’. sarmentosa, 
Our plant has been sent to Kew and verified by comparison with Mr. Geyer’s 
plant. 
In the London Journal of Botany, vi, 78, (1847), W. J. Hooker, in the “Cata- 
logue of Mr. Geyer’s Collection of Plants,” refers to a doubtful MV. rotundifolia 
Mx., stating that if it ‘‘proves distinct Mr. Geyer’s mst. name of V. orbiculata 
should be adopted.” . 
The plant has been known since 1833, as is seen from the following list of the 
specimens in the National Herbarium: 
1. Douglas’s plant, from the Columbia River, Washington, collected 1833. 
2. The Wilkes Expedition plant, No. 338, from the Cascade Mountains, col- 
lected 1838 to 1842. 
3. Geyer’s plant, No. 295, from the Carur d’Alene Mountains, Idaho, collected 
in 1843-4. 
4. Rothrock’s plant, No. 21, from Northern British Columbia, collected in 
1865-6. 
5. Sandberg’s, No. 214, collected in Nez Perces County, Idaho, in 1892. 
The synonymy is as follows: 
V. sarmentosa Dougl. in part; Hook. Fi. Bor, Amer. 1, 81 (1830); V. rotundi- 
folia (2?) Hook, Lond. Journ. Bot. vi, 73 (1847); Torr. Bot. Wilkes, 237 (1874), 
not Dougl. 
Frequent in rich canyons, at 900 meters altitude, Craig Mountains, Nez Perces 
County; May 2 (No. 214). 
Viola obliqua Hill, Hort. Kew. 316 (1769); I’. cucullata Ait. Hort. Kew. iti, 288 
(1789); V. palmata cucullata Gray, Bot. Gaz. xi, 254 (1886). 
Moist soil, valley of Peter Creek, Nez Perces County; May 4 (113). Also 
vicinity of Lake Waha. 
Viola palustris L. Sp. ii, 934 (1753). 
Marshes near Granite Station, Kootenai County; July 29 (No. 793). 
CARYOPHYLLACES. 
Silene antirrhina L. Sp. Pl. i, 419 (1753), 
Common in shady places at Upper Ferry, Clearwater River, above Lewiston; 
May 17 (No. 190). 
Silene menziesii Hook. F]. Bor. Amer. i, 90 (1829). 
Rich, shady places, Upper Ferry, Clearwater River, above Lewiston; May 17 
(No. 186). 
1]. Bor. Amer. i, 80, 81 (1830). 
2 
2580—No. 4 
