259 
Carex stipata Muhl.; Willd. Sp. Pl. iv, 283 (1805). 
Wet places, valley of Big Potlatch River, Nez Perces County; June 9 (No. 
359). Valley of the Cour d’Alene River, Kootenai County; July 13 (No. 638). 
Carex straminea festucacea (Willd.) Tuckerm, Enum. Meth. 18 (1843); C. festucacea 
Willd. Sp. Pl. iv, 242 (1805). 
Rocky banks of the Clearwater River, Nez Perces County; June 2 (No. 295). 
Common in meadows, valley of Big Potlatch River, Nez Perces County; June ? 
(No. 367). 
Carex tenella Schk. Riedgr. 23, f. 104 (1801). 
Meadows, Granite Station, Kootenai County; July 30 (No. 798). 
Carex teretiuscula ampla Bailey, Mem. Torr. Club, i, 53 (1889). 
Wet places at the North Fork of Hangman’s Creek, Indian reservation, Latah 
County; July 1 (No. 528). 
Carex utriculata minor Boott; Hook. Fl. Bor, Amer, ii, 221 (1839). 
Wet places at Granite Station, Kootenai County; July 29 (No. 788). 
GRAMINES. 
By L. H. Dewey. 
The grasses obtained on this expedition, amounting to 120 numbers, 
form a most important part of the collection from an economic stand- 
point. The vegetable resources of that region for some time to come 
will consist chiefly in the native forests for the production of lumber, 
and in the native pastures for the production of beef and mutton. The 
collectors’ notes indicate that many of the mountain meadows, the lake 
shores, and the alluvial deposits along the river bottoms abound in 
erasses mostly unlike those found east of the Mississippi River, but 
many of them evidently just as valuable for grazing, and certainly 
better adapted to that region than any which are cultivated in the 
East. <A eareful and considerate use of these grazing lands will permit 
them to continue productive and valuable for many years, while a 
single season of overstocking is likely to ruin them for all time, as the 
more valuable varieties are always killed out first, and their places are 
usually taken by less valuable annual plants or by weeds that are 
positively injurious. Some of the grasses collected are certainly worthy 
of trial in cultivation, and may form valuable additions to our culti- 
vated grasses. At least half a dozen varieties even in their wild state 
are as valuable as many of the grasses introduced from Europe that 
have been developed by long cultivation. 
An exact knowledge of the economic values of grasses must be based 
to some extent upon a technical knowledge of their systematic rela- 
tionships and their morphological characters. This collection is no 
less valuable as an aid to our knowledge in these lines. It is the first 
collection of real importance that has been made in exactly this region, 
Nuttall, Hooker, Howell, Suksdorf, and others have collected on the 
Columbia River and west of the Cascade Mountains, while Seribner, 
Tweedy, and Williams have worked over a large part of Montana; but 
the region just west of the Bitter Root Mountains was almost unknown 
