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Oaxaca. Mr. Pringle seems to have collected here frequently throughout the season 
(May to December). Ispentsome ten days here (August 20 to September 1), establish- 
ing two camps near the topof the mountains, from which I made frequent excursions. 
La Parada, a small Indian ranch on the north slope of the mountains, 
was one of the places at which Mr. Nelson camped. Its altitude is 
about 8,000 feet, and it is distant some 6 or 7 iniles from the top of the 
divide, which has an altitude of 9,200 feet. The immediate region 
about La Parada is dry. Mr. Nelson was here August 18 to 20. He 
writes further: 
The Cerro San Felipe is a high mountain mass situated from & to 10 miles north of 
the city of Oaxaca. It lies in an angle formed by the meeting of two arms of the 
valley of Oaxaca, one coming down from the north and the other from the east and 
meeting near the city. Bordering the east side of the northern arm of the valley is 
a range of oak and pine covered mountains rising from 8,000 to 10,000 feet high and 
having a north and south direction, This range ends by forming a series of eulmi- 
nating points rising to about 11,000 feet just north of Oaxaca. With this mountain 
group as an axis the range turns abruptly to a southeasterly course and extends 
thence to its junction with the cordillera of the east near the Cerro de Santa Mar- 
garita, south of Mount Zempoaltepec. Although the Cerro San Felipe is visited by 
frequent heavy rainstorms during the summer and the tops of the mountains are 
cloud-capped for days at a time, yet streams are few and small about its slopes, and 
springs are scarce on the summit. The slopes of the mountain are steep on all sides, 
but a broad, rolling area is found above 9,500 feet. This area is cut by the heads of 
numerous canyons and from it rise the several culminating peaks. This is a forested 
area with small, park-like meadows here and there. 
Most of the species were collected at high altitudes: only one as 
low as 7,000 feet, eleven at 7,500 feet, and most of the remainder from 
10,000 feet to the summit. 
Species. Altitude (feet). | Species. Altitude (feet). 
Apium ammi ...--...---- 7,500  Lryngium scaposum. ---. 9, 500 to 11, 000 
Arracacia bracteata ...--. . 9,000 9 Micropleura renifolia ...) 7,500 to 8,500 
Arracacia brevipes ....... 10,000) Museniopsis cordata. .... 9, 500 
Arracacia filiformis...-.. 9,500 to 11,000  Museniopsis peucedanoi- 
Arracacia pringlei....... 10, 300 des 222222222222 ------ ~ 9,500 
Berula erecta....-2.....-. 7,500 , Museniopsis seabrella ...| 7, 000 
Daucus montanus ......-- 7,500 | Museniopsis tuberosa.... 7, 500 
Deanea nudicaulis .....-. 7,500 to 10,000 | Neogoezia minor ........ 9, 000 to 10, 500 
Eryngium bromeliafolia.. 10, 000 | Osmorrhiza mexicana... 10, 000 
Eryngium deppeanum .... 7,500 || Ottoa wnanthoides ...--. 10, 000 
Eryngium ghiesbreghtii. -. 7,500 | Prionosciadium mega- | 
Eryngium involucratum ..| 10,000 | carpum ..........2--. 7, 500 
Eryngium longirameum. . -| 7,900 to 8,500 | Rhodosciadium glaucum ., 6, 000 
Eryngium nelsoni. .....-. | 7,500 to 8, 500 | 
SIERRA DE CLAVELLINAS. 
The mountains bordering the valley of Oaxaca on the west are called 
the Sierra de Clavellinas. They run in a north and south direction 
and have an altitude of 6,500 to 9,500 feet. These mountains proved 
to be very interesting collecting ground, especially the small meadows 
near the top. Mr. Pringle writes thus of his work here: 
The cold spring meadows on the suminit of the mountains west of Oaxaca are nar- 
row openings in heavy forests of oaks and pines, scarcely aanile in extent. One would 
