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Yakutat Bay and the land in its immediate vicinity may be briefly 
described as follows: The bay, which lies approximately in latitude 
60° N. and longitude 140° W., not only extends through the narrow 
strip of lowland separating the St. Elias range of mountains from the 
ocean, but also penetrates the range itself for a considerable distance. 
Its width at the entrance, between Ocean Cape on the east and Point 
Manby on the west, 1s about 20 miles, and its length, from the capes to 
the entrance of Disenchantment Bay, about 30 miles. The latter pay 
is merely an extension of Yakutat Bay, and lies wholly within the St. 
Khas range, being walled in by tremendous mountains rising from the 
yater’s edge. Its length is about 25 miles, and its width from 3 to 5 
miles. Great glaciers composed of pure ice several hundred feet in 
thickness extend down to the water and throw off large numbers of 
icebergs, which crowd the waters of the bay at all times and are carried 
by the tides into Yakutat Bay, lining its western shore as far as Point 
Manby, the prevailing southeasterly winds holding them against this 
shore. The largest of the glaciers on Disenchantment Bay are the 
Hubbard and Dalton, the former having a frontage on the water of 6 
miles and the latter of 2 miles, and each being about 15 miles long. 
Beginning again at the entrance of Yakutat Bay, and following its 
eastern shore line from Ocean Cape to the foothills of the St. Elias 
range, a distance of about 20 miles, the surface of the country is gener- 
ally level, though in some places there are hills 50 feet high. About 2 
miles from Ocean Cape the Ankow River, a sluggish stream a hundred 
yards wide, empties into the bay. The Ankow has not been explored, 
but the Indians give its length as about 20 miles. As the country 
through which it flows has but little elevation above the sea, the waters 
of this river are extremely brackish as far as 7 miles from its mouth, 
being affected by the sea water at high tide. Between the mouth of 
the Ankow and the foothills of the mountains a number of small tresh- 
yater streams reach the waters of the bay. After the foothills of the 
range are reached the entire surface of the country undergoes a radi- 
cal change, becoming extremely broken and mountainous, with numer- 
ous very rapid streams, In this region there is very little level land, 
the mountains generally rising from the beach to far above the line of 
perpetual snow. The most conspicuous peak in this locality is Monnt 
Tebenkof, elevation unknown. Proceeding farther north, up the bay, 
the mountains become more precipitous and the snow line gradually 
comes nearer to sea level, untilat the entrance to Disenchantment Bay 
the country has a decidely Arctic character, It is on this latter bay 
that the great glaciers appear, and in some sheltered canyons snow is 
found at sea level even in midsummer. Crossing the upper end of 
Yakutat Bay to the west side, near the mouth of Dalton Creek, the 
country is generally level, sloping gradually upward toward the moun- 
tains. In this vicinity a number of wide gravel washes, cut up by 
numerous small streams, come down from the neighboring mountains, 
