368 
large (3.2 to 3.4 mm. long), black and minutely tuberculate. (Ul. Pacif. 
Rk. Rep. iv, t. 1) —Type, Bigelow of 1853 in Herb. Mo. Bot Gard. 
Sandy soil, often half buried, valley of the Lower Colorado and Little 
Colorado, northern Arizona. 
Specimens examined: ARIZONA (Bigelow of 1853; Newberry of 1858; 
Brandegee of 1875), 
26. Echinocactus whipplei spinosior Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. ii, 199 
(1863). 
Globose, 7.5 em. in diameter: ribs 13: radial spines 9 to 11, 12 to 
36 min. long, the lower ones often dusky, the 2 upper ones often elon- 
gated, flattened and curved; the 4 centrals 3.5 to 5 em. long, the upper- 
most one flexuous and white, the other 5 a little shorter, dusky, all or 
only the lowest one hooked: flowers about 2.5 em. long: fruit oval, 
12 mm. long.—Type, H. Engelmann of 1858 in Herb. Mo. Bot. Gard. 
In Desert Valley, west of Sevier Lake, Utah, and abundant in 
southwestern Colorado. 
Specimens examined: Uran (Jf, Engelmann of 1858): COLORADO 
(Brandegee of 1875, La Plata Valley and Mesa Verde). 
So far as known, /’. whipplei is confined to the region of its original discovery 
(valley of the Little Colorado, northern Arizona), and spinosior to the deserts of 
southern Utah and southwestern Colorado, a considerable distance to the north. 
Intergrading forms may be found in the intermediate region, but until they are, the 
northern and southern forms seem abundantly distinct. 
= = Central spines similar and none of them specially elongated, 
a, Ribs obtuse: flowers small (2.5 to 3 em. long). 
27. Echinocactus brevihamatus Engelin, Syn. Cact. 271 (1856). 
Globose-ovate, from a turbinate fibrous root, very dark green: ribs 13, 
deeply tuberculate-interrupted, the tubercles with a woolly groove 
extending to the base, where it expands into the flower-bearing areola: 
radial spines mostly 12, terete, straight, white or yellowish with dusky 
tips, 10 to 20 min. long, the upper the longer; central spines 4 (rarely 1 
or 2 additional ones), flattened, white with black tips, the 2 lateral ones 
divergent upward, straight or a little recurved, exceeding the radials, 
25 to 44 mm. long, the uppermost one weaker, 16 to 20 mm. long, the 
lowest stoutest and darkest, porrect or deflexed, hooked downward, 18 
to 20 mm. long: flowers funnelform, 24 to 32 mm. long and 18 to 20 
mm. wide when fully expanded, rose-color: fruit and seed unknown. 
(11. Cact. Mex. Bound. t. 18, 19)—Type, Wright and Bigelow specimens 
in Herb. Mo. Bot. Gard. 
From Kagle Pass and the San Pedro River, Texas, southward into 
Coahuila and Nuevo Leon. 
Specimens examined: TEXAS (Bigelow of 1852, 1853; Wright 86): 
NuEvo LEON (Palmer 1080). 
The strong tubercles with the axillary flower-bearing areola connected with the 
spine-bearing areola by a woolly groove is such a striking Coryphanth character 
that it suggests a much closer relationship than the present position would imply. 
