396 
when young, 2.5 to 7.5 em. long, porrect or deflexed: flower crimson, 8 
to 10 em. long, 3.5 to5 em. broad: fruit and seed unknown. (JU. Pacif, 
R. Rep. iv, t. 4, f. 4 and 5)—Type unknown. 
From the upper Pecos, New Mexico, westward through Arizona into 
southern California, and southward into Chihuahua. 
Specimens examined: NEw MEXIco (Palmer 73 of 1869; H.A. Mearns 
88 of 1892, Big Hatchet Mts.): ARIZONA (Newberry of 1858; Coues & 
Palmer of 1865): CALIFORNIA (Parish Bros. of 1882): CHIHUAHUA 
(Pringle 252 of 1885), 
In most of the specimens I have seen the centrals are dark ashy-gray, contrasting 
strongly with the pale and much shorter radials, 
88. Cereus aggregatus (Engelm.). 
Mamillaria aggregata Engelm. Emory’s Rep. 155 (1848). 
Echinocereus coccineus Engelm. Wisliz. Rep. 9 (1848), not DC. or Salm. 
Cereus coccineus Engelm. Pl. Fend]. 50 (1849), 
Cereus phaeniceus Engelm, Syn. Cact. 284 (1856). 
Ovate or subglobose, obtuse, 3.5 to 7.5 cm. in height, 3 to 5 em. in 
diameter, cespitose (mostly in dense hemispherical masses 30 to 100 em, 
in diameter): ribs 8 to 11, tuberculate, with areole 6 to 8 mm. apart: 
spines slender, almost setaceous, straight, terete; radials 8 to 12, white, 
6 to 12 mm. long, upper much the shorter; centrals 1 to 3, a little 
stouter, white or horny, 10 to 20 mm. long: flower deep-crimson, 3.5 to 
6 em. long, 2.5 to 3.5¢m, broad: fruit and seed unknown, (Jl. Emory’s 
Rep. 155, f. 1; Pacif. R. Rep. iv, t. 4, & 1-3)—Type not preserved, but 
Wislizenus of 1846, type of coccineus Engelm., and Bigelow of 1852 and 
1853, type of pheniceus Engelin., are in Herb. Mo. Bot Gard. 
From southern Colorado to Arizona and southwestern Texas, and 
southward into San Luis Potosi. 
Specimens examined: CoLorRapo (Parry of 1867; Greene of 1873): 
ARIZONA (Bigelow of 1853; Newberry of 1858; Coues & Palmer 193 
of 1865; Towmey of 1892): New Mexico ( Wislizenus of 1846; Rusby 
of 1881, Burro Mts.): TEXAS (Lindheimer of 1847; Gregg 662 of 1848, 
Bigelow of 1852 and 1853): SAN Luis Porost (Hschanzier of 1891): also 
cultivated in Mo. Bot. Gard. in 1851. 
The dense cespitose masses often contain 100 to 200 heads, and are “ often the shape 
and size of a bushel basket.” It is said generally to grow on naked rocks. The 
ischanzier specimens, from San Luis Potosi, have uniformly 2 centrals and yellow- 
ish spines. 
39. Cereus polyacanthus Engelm., Pl. Fendl. 50 (1849). 
Echinocereus polyacanthus Engelm. Wisliz. Rep. 20 (1848). 
Ovate-cylindrical, 10 to 25 em. high, 6 to 10 em, in diameter, cespitose, 
pale-green or glaucous: ribs 9 to 13, obtuse, tuberculate, with areole 
1 to 2.5 em. apart: spines stout, rigid, terete, straight, white or ashy- 
red, all at length ashy, very variable; radials 8 to 12, spreading, but 
not strictly radiating, upper 12 mm. long, lateral and lower 18 to 25 
mm.; centrals 3 or 4, stouter and bulbous at base, as long as or longer 
than the radials (lower one sometimes 3 to 6 cm.), often variegated when 
