446 
coarse straw-colored bristies: larger spines about 4, cruciate, whitish, 
in w straw-colored or whitish sheath 18 to 24 mm. Jong; smaller ones 
8 to 16, hardly sheathed, radiating in every direction, 8 to 18 mm, long: 
flowers greenish-yellow, 3.5 tod em. broad: fruit dry, depressed- globose 
hemispherical, broadly and deeply umbilicate, very spiny: seeds 
subregular or angular, thick, 4 mm. in diameter or more, with broad 
commissure. (J//. Pacif. R. Rep. iv, t. 18, f. 5-10; t, 24, f. 8.)—Type, 
specimens of Bigelow and Schott in Herb. Mo. Bot. Gard. 
From southern Utah and southern Nevada through northern and 
western Arizona and southeastern California into Sonora, 
Specimens examined: Uvair (Palmer 187; Johnson, at St. George; 
Bailey 1960 of 1891): ARIZONA ( Bigelow of 1854, near mouth of Williams 
River; Schott 7, at Ft. Yuma; Parry of 1Ssl; Towmey of 1892, Ban- 
ning and Yuma): CALIFORNIA ( [Hitchcock of 1875; Engelmann of 1880; 
Parry of 1881; G. R. Vasey of 1881, Whitewater). 
This is said to be the common arborescent Cylindropuntia of the Mojave desert 
region and the deserts of southern Nevada. The hemispherical fruit, with broad 
and deep umbilicus, is often described as ‘‘saucer-shaped.” The spines are some- 
times very short. 
76. Opuntia echinocarpa robustior, nom. nov. 
Opuntia echinocarpa major EKngeln. Syn. Cact. 305 (1856), not pheacantha major 
Engelm. 
Taller (12 to 15 din. high), with elongated (20 to 25 cm.) joints atten- 
uate at base, oblong linear tubercles 12 to 18 mm. long, slender penicil- 
late bristles, longer and fewer spines (the 4 central ones 2.5 to 4em., long, 
only 4 to 8 smaller radiant ones), looser sheath and fruit globose or 
clavate at base.—Type not found in the Engelmann collection. 
Along the Lower Colorado in Arizona and California, and southward 
into Sonora. 
Specimens examined: ARIZONA (G.I. Vasey of 1881, Yuma): CALT- 
FORNIA (Newberry of 1858; Lemmon of 1878; with no collector given 
in 1880; Parish Bros, of 1882). 
77. Opuntia echinocarpa parkeri (Engelm.). 
Opuntia parkert Engel. MSS. 
Taller (9 to 15 dm. high), with erect branches, longer (10 em.) joints, 
crested tubercles 18 mm, long, light yellowish-brown spines in sheaths 
of similar color (about 6 smaller radiant ones), depressed globose or 
oval less spiny fruit with flat or funnelform wimbilicus, and yeaa 
seeds (6 mm. in diameter) with narrow twisted commissure.—Type, C. 
IF. Parker of 1879 in Herb. Mo. Bot. Gard. 
San Diego County, California, east side of mountains facing desert. 
Specimens examined: CALIFORNIA (C.F. Parker of 1879), 
78. Opuntia echinocarpa nuda, var. nov, 
Spines slender, short and numerous, reddish-brown, often with lighter 
tips, the larger ones (1 to L.5 em. long) with brownish-yellow sheaths: 
flowers greenish-yellow, about 8 em. high and 2 em, broad: fruit obo- 
