447 
vate, about 2 em. long, with broad shallow umbilicus, almost if not 
entirely spineless (occasionally a few spines persisting for a time): 
seeds almost regular, but slightly compressed, 3.5 to 5 mm. broad, with 
a straight but hardly broad commissure.—Type in Herb. Brandegee. 
Lower California, near San Gregorio. 
Specimens examined: LOWER CALIFORNIA ( Brandegee of 1889), 
79. Opuntia serpentina Engelm. Amer. Jour. Sci. ser. 2, xiv, 338 (1852). 
? Cereus (?) californicus Torr, & Gr. Fl. i, 555 (1840), not Opuntia californica 
Engelm. Emory’s Rep. 157 (1848), 
Somewhat erect (7.5 to 12.5 dm. high) or prostrate, diffuse, with elon- 
gated, subverticillate, divaricate ascending branches: joints elongated- 
cylindrical, 15 to 30 em, long, 2 to3 em. in diameter, with prominent ovate 
tubercles: pulvini with whitish bristles: spines 7 to 15, light-yellowish 
or rusty, sheathed, 6 to 18 mm. long, upper ones stellate-divaricate, lowest 
ones deflexed: flowers greenish-yellow, reddish outside, cup-shaped, 
3.5 cm. broad: fruit subhemispherical, with broad and deep umbilicus 
(“saucer-shaped”), dry, long-woolly and very spiny, yellowish-brown, 
about 15 mm. long: seeds thick, irregular, with narrow commissure.— 
Type not found in the Engelmann collection. 
On dry hillsides near the seacoast about San Diego, California. 
Specimens examined: CALIFORNIA (Schott of 1854; Hitchcock of 1875, 
Engelmann of 1880; G. R. Vasey of 1880, San Diego): LOWER CALI- 
FORNIA (Brandegee, Magdalena Bay): also cult. Mo. Bot. Gard. 1876. 
The Lower Californian specimens have 20 or more spines, all stellately spreading 
with no special lower one deflexed. ‘The fruit is 3 to 4 em. long, and the seeds 2 to 
3mm. broad, light brown. 
80. Opuntia bernardina Kngelm. Bull, Torr. Club, xix, 92 (1892). 
A loosely branched shrub several stemmed from the base, ereet with 
ascending or erectish branches, rather slender, 6 to 15 din. high, with 
reticulate wood: joints cylindrical, 7.5 to 30 em. long, with slender 
elongated oblong tubercles 2.5 to 3 em. long (very prominent on younger 
joints, shorter and less marked on older ones): pulvini with a dense 
row of very short dark more or less persistent bristles at upper edge, 
~and spreading often recurved leaves 4 to 8 mm, long: spines yellow; 
the sheathed ones 4 or 5,1 to 3 em. long, the lowest longest and mostly 
detlexed; and 4 appressed short (6 to 12 mm.) slender radial ones 
mostly on lower edge of pulvinus: flowers greenish-yellow tinged with 
brownish-red outside, 2.5 to 4 em. broad: fruit ovate, deeply umbilicate, 
tuberculate (each tubercle with a single short spine), less than 2.5 em. 
long, at length dry: seed flat, 6 mm. broad, with a channelled commis- 
sure and conspicuous persistent funiculus.—Type, Parry of 1851, G. 
Engelmann of 1880 and 1882, and Parish 814 in Herb. Mo, Bot. Gard. 
Dry hills and mesas in the San Bernardino plain, California, north- 
ward through Cajon Pass, and in Santa Clara Valley. 
Specimens examined: CALIFORNIA (Parry of 1851; Parker of 1874; 
8898—No 7—— 7 
