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CATALOGUE OF SPECIES. 207 



neradensis to a form somewhat resembling J. mertensianus. No. 1588 consists of fruit- 

 ing specimens of typical J. neradensis GO to 75 cm. in height, and with panicles of 7 

 to 9 glomerules. The anthers are about 1.2 mm. long, twice as long as the filaments ; 

 the capsules pale brown ami tapering into a well-defined beak; the seeds 0.4 to 0.5 

 mm. long, oblong, lightly reticula'to, with about 15 main costse and slender ones be- 

 tween, the areas iso-diametrical (half-areas oblong) and smooth or inclined to be 

 transversely lineolate. The specimens of No. 1717 are 15 to 25 cm. high and bear 1 

 or 2 glomerules. Their anthers are about 0.8 mm. long, equaling the filament; the 

 capsule castaneous at the apex, obtuse, mucronate ; and the seeds 0.5 to 0.7 mm. long, 

 about 25-costate, deeply reticulate, with iso-diametric smooth areas. This is a re- 

 duced form externally resembling, but distinct from, true J, mertensianus, and between 

 it and No. 1588 the other numbers show all gradations, in about the following order: 

 1588, 1311, 1727, 1721, 1731, 1644, 2095, 1525, 1673, 1652, 1498, 1717. The smaller plants 

 came from higher altitudes. No. 1652 has anthers 1.9 mm. long. None of the true- 

 J. mertensianus was found. 



Juncus nodosus L. Sp. PI. ed. 2. i. 466(1762). Type locality, "in America sep- 

 tentrionali." 



The discovery of this plant in a desert of southern Nevada, at an altitude of 

 about 1,100 meters, is, from what we at present know of the distribution of the 

 species, most remarkable. The three dried specimens were collected at Ash Meadows, 

 Nevada (No. 345), in an alkaline moist meadow, in midwinter, with the inflorescence 

 in one case preserved intact. They show the precise characters of the eastern 

 specimens both in size, habit, and general appearance, as well as in perianth, stamens, 

 and seeds. The specimens were found scattered in a growth of Lythrum album, 

 Fimbristylis thermalis, Eleochans rostellata, Erythr&a nuttallii, and Juncus balttcus. 

 The locality abounded in water-fowl, and the seeds of many of these marsh plants 

 are undoubtedly transported by them. 



Juncus nodosus megacephalus Torr. Fl. N. Y. ii. 326 (1843). Type locality, 

 "on the shores of Lake Ontario." 

 Along an irrigating ditch near Bakersfield (No. 1241). 



Juncus orthophyllus. 



Type locality, "Californian Sierras on alpine meadows or along rivulets in the 

 Yosemite Valley, alt. 4,000 ft." This is Juncus latifoliw (Engelm.) Trans. St. Louis 

 Acad. ii. 496 (1868), as J. longistylis Jatifolius; Puchenau, Monogr. June. 425 (1890), 

 not J, latifolius Wulf (1789). 



In and near Whitney Meadows (Nos. 1636, 1639) and at Soda Springs (No. 1589). 

 The specimens numbered 1639 are exact counterparts of Engclinaun's Herbarium 

 Norma le. No. 44, with spreading leaves 5 mm. or less wide and stems 25 cm. high. 

 No. 1636 has still more spreading leaves, some of them 6 mm. wide and less than 50 

 mm. long, and stems about 10 cm. high. 



The plant was found in the natural meadows of the Sierra Nevada, growing usu- 

 ally at an altitude higher than that of the type locality. Engelmann states with the 

 original description that it grows also on the upper Tuolumne at an altitude of 10,000 

 feet. In Whitney Meadows the plants grow in short, close grass, and their pale green 

 leaves spread widely, so that they form a conspicuous part of the turf. Specimens 

 collected in other parts of the Sierra Nevada have erect and usually narrower leaves 

 and taller stems, apparently due to their growing in taller grass. Such plants closely 

 resemble J. lonfiistylis, and the external characters for distinguishing the two species 

 appear to be reduced to two: the rouglsness of the perianth parts and the absence 

 of auricles on the leaf-sheaths, in J. orthophyllus ; and the smoothness of the perianth 

 parts and the presence of well-defined auricles on the leaf-sheaths, in J. lonyistylis. 



Juncus pariyi Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. ii. 416 (1866). Type locality, "on 

 the western and north-western mountains." Parry's specimens came from Colorado. 

 Near timber-line in the Sierra Nevada (No. 1421, 1503, 1718). 



