

224 BOTANY OF THE DEATH VALLEY EXPEDITION. 



Abies concolor (Gordon) Pinetum, 155 (1858) , under Picea; 1 Parry, Amer. Nat. 

 ix. 204 (1875). Type locality, "on the mountains of New Mexico." 



East of the Sierra Nevada this tree, the white fir, was found only on the west slope 

 of the Charleston Mountains, Nevada (No. 319), at an altitude of from 2,300 to 3,110 

 meters, scattered sparingly through the yellow pine bell and extending Blightly above 

 it. It undoubtedly occurs throughout these mountains at its characteristic altitude. 

 In the vicinity of Fort Tejon it occurred sparingly on Frazier Mountain among the 

 black pines, and at one spot on the mountain slopes immediately back of tbe Fort 

 (No. 1 188), was a clump in a sheltered north-sloping nook a few hundred meters below 

 the limit of the black pine. On the west slope of the Sierra Nevada, eastward from 

 Tejon Ranch, it occupied the same position in tbe black pine belt. In the Sierras of 

 Tulare and Inyo counties it was found among the yellow and black pines from Big 

 Tree Canon to Mineral King; at several points along the llockett Trail between 

 Farewell Gap and Whitney Meadows, in the black pine belt; and in Fresno County, 

 on the east slope of the Sierra Nevada, about the headwaters of Owens River 

 (No. 1866). Throughout the country in which it ranges tbe white fir forms at no 

 point by itself a dense forest, but, unless under extraordinary conditions, occurs as a 

 smaller constituent in forests made up of yellow and black pine, Pinuspondcrom and 

 P-jeffreyi. It may be expected to occur, in this region, wherever such forests do. 



Abies magnifica Murr. Proc. Hort. Soc. Lond. iii. 318 (1863). Type locality, 

 "the high unexplored part of the Sierra Nevada, to the eastward of San Francisco." 



This magnifieant tree, the California red fir, t was first met with near Mineral King at 

 an altitude of about 2,700 meters, and was found iu considerable abundance in the 

 high Sierra Nevada, about the headwaters of Kings River (Mr. Palmer), Kaweah 

 River, and the North Fork of Kern River. Specimens were collected by Mr. Funston 

 on the eastern slope of the Sierra Nevada, about the headwaters of Owens River 

 (No. 1867). 



Sequoia gigantea (Lindl.) Gard. Chron. 1853, 823 (1853), under Wellingionia ; 

 Decne. Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. i. 70 (1854). Type locality," "on the elevated slopes of the 

 Sierra Nevada, near the head waters of the Stanislau and San Antonio rivers, in lat. 

 38° N., long. 120° 10' YV., at an elevation of 5,000 feet from the level of the sea." 



Various parties of the expedition passed through different groves of this tree, the 

 giant sequoia, on Merced, Kings, and Kaweah rivers. The location and extent of 

 these groves has already been well described and will be omitted here. The tree oc- 

 cupies isolated areas in the yellow pine belt, and specimens were collected in the 

 Mariposa grove (No. 1857). 



At a sawmill a few kilometers below Mineral King, on the Kaweah River, the 

 sequoias were being worked into lumber and a rapid destruction of the forest was 

 going on. 



Libocedrus decurrens Torr. PI. Frem. 7 (1853). Type locality, "upper waters 

 of the Sacramento, particularly from lat. 38° 40' to about 41° N. lat." 



A few California post cedar trees were seen in Tejon Canon, near its mouth (No. 

 1218); and others in the valley of the Kaweah Kiver (No. 1313), below the yellow 

 pine belt. 



Junipems californica Carr. Rev. Hort. 1854,353(1854). 



This, tbe type form of California juniper, is characteristic of the coast mountains 

 of California from San Francisco southward. Like many other coast species it fol- 

 lows the mountains inland to their junction with the Sierra Nevada and then con- 

 tinues eastward along the margin of the desert in the San Bernardino Mountains. 



'Engelmann's name, Pinus concolor, was an herbarium name merely, and Lindley 

 and Gordon's name, Abies concolor, was a nomen nudum. See Sudworth, Bull, Torr 

 Club, xx. 42 (1803). 



*Gard. Chron. (1853) 819. 



