3G BOTANICAL SURVEY OF THE CCEUR D ? ALENE MOUNTAINS. 



Danthonia cali/orniea Boland., Poa bueMeyana Nash, Poa pratensis L., Agrostis alba 

 L., and Calamagroatis canadensis dubia Vasey, are species generally disseminated 

 throughout the drier meadows. 



Bromus breviaristatm (Hook.) Thurh. A grass which is found accompanying the set- 

 tlements everywhere throughout the region. It does not seem to he indigenous 

 here; possibly it has been introduced from the plains region of Washington, 

 where it is plentiful. It grows luxuriantly wherever it obtains a foothold, and 

 is esteemed a good pasture grass. 



I'halaris arundinacea L,, Beekmannia erucaeformis Host, Glycerin fluitans li. Br., and 

 Glycerin nervata Trin. are species which grow in the wet, swampy portions of the 

 meadows and furnish, especially the last, a fair amount of coarse, watery forage. 



Agropyron tenerum Vasey. Probably the best of the native grasses of this region. 

 It is not plentiful in any locality. 



The species which form the pasturage on the uplands in the yellow 

 pine belt and at low elevations in the white pine forests are as follows: 



Calamagrostis stiksdorfii Scrilmer. A ^rass which springs up in extreme abundance 

 wherever the forest has been burned. It is a coarse species, not much relished 

 by stock. 



Poa sp. Common everywhere on the rocky hillsides. 



Mclica acuminata Boland. and Festuca scabrella L. Throughout the open yellow pine 

 forest. 



Danthonia intermedia Vasey. In the edge of the forest and on the adjoining meadows. 



Agropyron divcrgens Nees. The most valuable of the uplands grasses at low eleva- 

 tions and furnishing more forage on these areas than any other species. It con- 

 stitutes the greater portion of the "hunch grass 7 ' of the Cumr d'AIenes below 

 altitudes of 1,200 meters (3,900 feet). 



The grasses of the parks on the high ridges above 1,500 meters (5,000 

 feet) elevation are: 



Oryzopsis exigua Thnrh. A local species not observed elsewhere than on the ridges 

 along the main divide of the Bitter Boots in the North Fork basin. 



Deschampsia atropurpurea Hook., Calamagrostis mkadorfii Scrilmer, Calamagrostis 

 purpnrascens 11. Br., Poa purpnrascens Vasey, Poa pulchella Vasey, Trisetum sub- 

 spicatum Beauv., Agropyron diveryens Nees, Festuca rubra L. The last-mentioned 

 species forms at least four-fifths of the total ^rass growth on the ridges between 

 elevations of 1,500 and 2,100 meters (5,000 to 6,900 feet). It is the " bunch grass" 

 of the high ridges in the Ccenr d'AIenes. 



Citma pendula Trin. A plentiful species in the canyons at the altitudes given above. 

 It is an especially characteristic species in wet grounds where the forest has 

 been burned off. 



!None of the native grasses of the Cceur d'AIenes are worthy of cul- 

 tivation in that region. No one species is found in sufficient quantities 

 by itself to furnish hay. The wild hay is in consequence composed of 

 a mixture of all the species enumerated above as growing in the meadow 

 lands. The species that grow on the ridges and slopes yield no hay. 



Timothy has proved itself thoroughly well adapted to the soil and 

 climate, and wherever the bottom lands are secure from inundation 

 it is generally cultivated. 



In some sections that are annually submerged, especially on the areas 

 bordering on the St. Joseph and Oojur d'Alene rivers, sedges become 



