OAKS. 469 
ALABAMA: Throughout the State. In rich woodlands. Flowers in April; fruit 
ripe in October. Most frequent, and attaining greatest perfection, in the rich ter- 
races alove the alluvial bottoms and in similar situations in the valleys and coves 
of the upper Alabama and Tombigbee rivers and their tributaries. South of the 
Central Prairie region of little importance. 
Economic uses: One of the most valuable of our hard wood timber trees. The 
bark is the “white oak bark, Quercus alba,” of the United States Pharmacopeia. 
Type locality: ‘“‘ Hab. in Virginia.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Quercus minor (Marsh.) Sargent, Gard. & For, 2:471. 1889. Posr Oak. 
Quercus alba minor Marsh. Arb. Am. 120, 1785. 
(). stellata Wangenh., Am. 78, t. 6, f. 15. L787. 
(). obtusiloba Michx. Hist. Chén. Am. no. 1, ¢. 7. 1801. 
EL. Sk. 2:606. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 475. Chap. FL 423, Conlter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 
2:414. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 8:37, t. 368, 569, 
Carolinian and Lonisianian areas. Southern Ontario, southern New England to 
eastern Nebraska and Kansas, south to Florida and west to central Texas, 
ALABAMA: All over the State. In the uplands of the Tennessee Valley with a 
richer clay soil a good sized timber tree. Most trequent in the open woods of the 
Central Prairie region. In the Upper division of the Coast Pine belt of a more sturdy 
growth, inferior in size in the poorer soils of the Warrior table-lands, the lower hills, 
and the pine barrens. Flowers in April; fruit ripe in October. 
Economic uses: Valuable timber tree. 
Type locality: North America. 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb, Mohr. 
Quercus lyrata Walt. Fl. Car. 235, 1788. OVERCUP OAK. 
Ell, Sk. 2:607. Gray, Man. ed. 6,475. Chap. FL 428. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 
2:414. Sargent, Silv. N. A.8:47, t. 374. 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. North Carolina along the coast to Florida, west 
to the lower Brazos. Texas, southern Arkansas, and southern Missouri. 
ALABAMA: Central Prairie region to the Mobile River. Of best development and 
most frequently met with in the swampy alluvial bottoms of the Alabama River in 
the center of the State. Much reduced in size near the coast. Montgomery County, 
80 to 90 feet high, 24 feet diameter. Mobile County, Battles Creek, small tree. 
Economic uses: Valuable timber tree. 
Type locality: South Carolina. 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Quercus prinus L. Sp. P1.2:995. 1753. 
MouNTAIN Oak. TAN-BARK OAK. CHESTNUT OAK, 
Quercus prinus monticola Michx. Hist. Chén, Am. no. 5, ¢. 7. 1801. 
(. montana Willd. Sp. Pl. 4:440. 1805, 
Ell. Sk. 2:609. Gray, Man. ed. 6,476. Chap. F1.424. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 8:51, 
t. 357, 376. 
Alleghenian and Carolinian areas. Southern Ontario, southern New England, New 
York, New Jersey, south throughout the Alleghenian Mountains to Georgia. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region. Roeky woods and hillsides. Of large dimensions 
and most frequent on the table-lands above 800 feet. Stunted, scarcely reaching 
medium size, on rocky and gravelly ridges in the Coosa Valley. Cullman and Mor- 
gan counties. Dekalb County, Lookout Mountain ridges. Winston, Marshall, Cle- 
burne, and Talladega counties, Calhoun County, about Anniston, 800 feet, of low 
growth. 
s¢onomic uses: Valuable timber tree; most important for tan bark, 
Type locality: ‘Hab. in America boreali.” 
Herb, Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Quercus acuminata (Michx.) Sargent, Gard. & For. 8:93. 1895. 
YELLOW CHESTNUT Oak, CHINQUAPIN OAK (in Alabama). 
Quercus prinus acuminata Michx. Hist. Chén. Am. no. 5, t.8. 1801. 
(), castanea Willd. Neue Schrift. 3: 391. 1807. Not Née. 
Q). muhlenbergii Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad, 3: 391. 1877. 
Ell. Sk. 2:610. Gray, Man. ed.6,476. Chap. Fl. 424. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 
2:415. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 8:55, t. 377. 
Alleghenian and Carolinian areas. New England (Vermont), northern New York, 
Ohio Valley west to Missouri, south to New Jersey and along the mountains to 
northern Alabama, west to Texas and Arkansas. 
ALABAMA: Tennessee Valley and Mountain region to Lower hills. Lawrence 
