OAKS. , 471 
Quercus texana [uckl. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1860 : 444. 1861. 
TEXAN OAK. SOUTHERN RED Oak. SPOTTED OAK. 
Sargent, Gard, & For. 7:81; Silv. N. A. 8: 129. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2: 416, 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. From the Gulf and Southern Atlantic States to 
Tennessee, western Kentucky, southern Indiana, southern Illinois, Iowa, southern 
Missouri, Arkansas, and the Colorado Valley in Texas. 
ALABAMA: Tennessee Valley to the coast In rich low woods. Morgan County, 
Falkville. Cullman County. Monroe County, Claiborne. Clarke County, Choctaw 
Corner. Mobile County, Pierce’s Landing. Baldwin County, Stockton. 
Economic uses: Important timber tree. The bark, under name of ‘‘red-oak bark,” 
is usedt medicinally. 
Type locality: Texas. 
Herb, Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Quercus coccinea Muench. Hausv. 5: 254. 1770. SCARLET OAK. 
Quercus rubra 2 L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2,2: 1414. 1768. 
EIL Sk. 2:602. Gray, Man. ed.6,477. Chap. FI. 422. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 8: 133, 
t. 472. 
Alleghenian and Carolinian areas, Southern Delaware to Tennessee, along the 
mountains to Georgia. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region. Dry uplands, sandy and rocky soil. Table-land of 
Warrior River; frequent. Highlands of Coosa Valley rarely below 800 feet. Law- 
renee, Winston, Dekalb, Cullman, and Etowah counties. 
Economic uses: Of little value except for fencing and fuel. 
Type locality not ascertained. 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb, Mohr. 
Quercus rubra L. Sp. Pl. 2:996. 1753. RED Oak, 
EIl. Sk. 2:602. Gray, Man. ed. 6.477, Chap. FI. 422. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 
2:416, 
Aileghenian and Carolinian areas. Canada to Georgia and Mississippi. ? 
ALABAMA: Mountain region, Dekalb County, frequent on Lookout Mountain. 
Jetferson County, Red Mountain, near Birmingham (Sargent). 
Type locality: ‘‘ Hab. in Virgima, Carolina,” 
Economic uses: Timber tree of moderate value. The bark is the ‘‘red oak bark,” 
Quereus rubra, of the U.S. Pharmacopevia. 
Quercus velutina Lam. Eneyel. 1: 721. 1783. BLACK OAK, QUERCITRON OAK. 
Quercus discolor Ait. Hort. Kew. 3:358. 1789. 
(). tinctoria Bartram, Travels, 37. 1791. Name only. 
(). tinctoria Michx. Hist. Chén. Am. no. 13, t. 25, 1801. 
(). coccinea var. tinctoria Gray, Man. ed. 5,454. 1868. 
Ell. Sk. 2:601. Gray, Man, ed. 6,477. Chap, FL. 422. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 8:37, 
415, 416. 
Alleghenian to Louisianian area. Southern Ontario, Minnesota, southern Maine, 
south to Florida, Louisiana, and Arkansas. 
ALABAMA: From the Tennessee Valley over the mountains to the Upper division 
of the Coast Pine belt. In the Lower Pine region of stunted growth. Flowers 
April; fruit ripe in October. Frequent on the table-lands. 
Economic uses: Timber tree, Bark used in tanning and for dyestuti—** quercitron 
bark.” 
Type locality: ‘On le dit originaire de Amérique septentrionale.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
~ 
Quercus catesbaei Michx. Hist, Chén. Am. no. 17, ¢. 29,30. 1801. 
TURKEY OAK. BARREN OAK. FORKED-LEAF BLACK JACK. 
Ell. Sk. 2:603. Chap. Fl. 422. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 8: 1438, t. 477. 
Louisianian area, Coast of North Carolina, south to Cape Malabar, Florida, and 
west to Louisiana (east of the Mississippi). 
ALABAMA: Central Pine belt to the coast. On. sterile sandy pine ridges. Au- 
tauga County, Kingston, and throughout the Coast Pine belt. Flowers March; fruit 
ripe in October, Small tree. Abundant in sandy pine barrens. 
Economic uses: For fuel. 
Type locality not ascertained. Locality in Michx. Fl.: ‘ Hab. in Marylandia, Vir- 
ginia, et Carolina.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
