642 PLANT LIFE OF ALABAMA. 
Tiedemannia rigida Coult. & Rose, Bot. Gaz.12: 74. 1887. 
Ell. Sk.1:354. Gray, Man, ed. 6, 202. Chap. FI. 165, 
Alleghenian, Carolinian, and Louisianian areas. Michigan; New York south to 
Florida, west to Louisiana, 
ALABAMA: Mountain region. Low grassy banks. Lee County, Auburn (Earle), 
Mobile County, banks of pine-barren streams. Flowers white; July, August, Fre- 
quent. 
Type locality: ‘Hab. in Virginia.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Oxypolis rigidior longifolius (Pursh) Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 239. 1804. 
7 
LONGLEAF COWBANE, 
Sium longifolium Pursh, Fl. Am, Sept. 1: 194. 1816. 
Ocenanthe ambiqua Nutt. Gen, 1: 189. 1818. . 
‘arolinian and Louisianian areas. New Jersey to Florida, west to Louisiana. 
ALABAMA: With the type, into which it merges by intermediate forms, Mobile. 
Less frequent. . 
These plants are suspected to be poisonous, and, as stated by Pursh, are deleteri- 
ous to horned cattle. 
Type locality: ‘‘In ditches and bogs: New Jersey.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr, 
POLYTAENIA DC. Mém. Omb. 53, t. 13. 1829. 
One species, Atlantic North America. 
Polytaenia nuttallii DC. Mém, Omb. 53, t. 75. 1829. NuTTALL’S POLYTAENIA. 
Tordylium americanum Nutt.; DC. Prodr, 4:196, 18380, As synonym. 
Gray, Man. ed. 6, 203. Chap. Fl. Suppl. 625; ed. 3,182. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 
2: 142. 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Southern Illinois to Nebraska, south to Texas, 
Mississippi, and Tennessee. 
ALABAMA: Lower hills. Prairie region. Dry barren places. Lee County, Auburn 
(Baker §° Earle, 174). Walker County (2. A. Smith). Hale County, Gallion, bald 
prairies, Flowers gamboge-yellow; June, July. Not common. Perennial. 
Type locality: ‘‘Le territoire d’Arkansa,” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
THASPIUM Nutt. Gen. 1:196. 1818, 
Three species, Atlantic North America, 
Thaspium barbinode (Miclix.) Nutt. Gen, 1:196. 1818. BarsnEp MEADOW PARSNIP. 
Ligusticum barbinode Michx. F1. Bor. Am. 1: 167. 1803. 
KIL, Sk.1:352. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 204. Chap. FI. 1638. 
Alleghenian and Carolinian areas. Ontario; New York west to Minnesota and 
Nebraska, south to the Ohio Valley, Missouri, and Arkansas, and from New Jersey 
along the mountains to Tennessee and Georgia. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region to Central Prairies. Rich shady banks. Madison 
County, Montesano, 1,500 feet. Montgomery County, Pintlalla, about 250 feet. 
Flowers dull yellow; April, May. Infrequent. Perennial. 
Type locality: “ Hab. in Carolina superiore.” 
Herb. Geol, Surv, Herb. Mohr. 
Thaspium pinnatifidum (Buckl.) Gray, Man. ed. 2,155, 1856. 
MountTAIN MEADOW PARSNIP. 
Zizia pinnatifida Buckl. Am. Journ. Sei. 45:175. 1843, 
Gray, Man. ed. 6, 204. Chap, FI. 168. 
Carolinian area. Barrens of Kentucky, along the Alleghenies to Tennessee and 
North Carolina, 
ALABAMA: Mountain region, Rich woodlands, shady ravines, Dekalb County, 
Lookout Mountain, near Mentone, 1,600 feet. Flowers white; June. Rare. Peren- 
nial. 
Type locality: “Banks of the French Broad River near the Warm Springs, and 
near Sugar Town Falls, Macon County, North Carolina.” 
Merb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr, 
Thaspium trifoliatum aureum (Nutt.) Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 240. 1894. 
GOLDEN-FLOWERED MEADOW PARSNIP, 
Thaspinm aureum Nutt. Gen, 1: 196, 1818, 
Tv aureum var. trifoliatum Coult. & Rose, Bot. Gaz,12:136, 1887, 
