DOGWOOD FAMILY. 651 
Cornus florida L. Sp. P1.1:117. 1753. FLOWERING DoGwoop. 
Ell. Sk. 1:207. Gray, Man, ed 6, 214, Chap. F1.168. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 
2:150. 
Alleghenian to Louisianian area. Southern Ontario, southern New England, west 
to Michigan and southern Minnesota, and south to Florida and eastern Texas. 
ALABAMA: Over the State. Upland forests, moderately rich soil. Flowers April, 
May; floral bracts large, petaloid, white. Fruit ripe October to November; scarlet. 
Economic uses: The wood is valuable, and the bark, known as ‘‘ dogwood bark,” 
is used medicinally. Very showy in flower and in fruit. 
Type locality: ‘Hab. in Virginia.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
NYSSA L.Sp. PI 2: 1058, 1753, Black Gum. Sour GuM. 
About 7 species, trees, East Asia, Atlantic North America, 4, 
Nyssa sylvatica Marsh. Arb. Am. 97. 1785. 
HIGHLAND Biack GUM. PEPPERIDGE. 
Nyssa aquatica L, Sp. Pl. 2: 1058. 1753. In part. 
N. multiflora Wangenh. Am. Holz. 46, t. 76. 1787. 
N. villosa Michx. FL Bor. Am, 2:258, 1808. 
FIL. Sk. 2:684. Gray, Man.ed.6, 215, Chap. FL. 168. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 
2:15]. 
Sargent, Silv. N. A. 5:75, t. 227. 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Ontario; southern New England west to Mich- 
igan and south to the Gulf, extending from Florida to eastern Texas. 
ALABAMA: Over the State to the Lower Pine region. Most frequent in the upland 
forests. Winston County, 1,200 feet. Cullman County, 1,000 feet. Marshall County, 
1,000 feet. Flowers yellowish green, April; fruit ripe September, October; drupe 
purple. <A tree of large size, 80 to 90 feet high and 2 to 3 feet in diameter. Fre- 
quent on the table-lands of the Warrior basin in shallow depressions. Reduced in 
size on the uplands of the Coast Pine belt. 
Economic uses: Timber tree. 
Type locality: “ This grows naturally in Pennsylvania and perhaps elsewhere.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Nyssa biflora Walt. Fl, Car. 253. 1788. SOUTHERN BLACK GUM. 
N. sylvatica var, biflora Sargent, Silv. N. A. 5:76, 1893. 
El. Sk. 2: 684. Chap. Fl. 168. 
Louisianian area. Inswamps. North Carolina to Florida, west to eastern Texas. 
ALABAMA: Central Pine belt to Coast plain. Swampy borders of pine-barren 
streams. Flowers in April; fruit ripe August, September ; purplish black, Tree 
rarely over 60 feet high and from 16 to 18 inchesin diameter, prevailing in the Lower 
Pine region and Coast plain. Further studies in the field are needed to establish 
with certainty the northern limit of this tree in the State. 
Economic uses: Of less importance than the last. 
Type locality: South Carolina. 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Nyssa aquatica L. Sp. P1.2:1058. 1753, In part. LARGE TUPELO GUM. 
N. uniflora Wangenh., Am. Holzart. 83, t. 27, f.57. 1787. 
N. tomentosa Michx. f. Hist. Arb, Am. 2: 259, 1803. 
N. grandidentata Michx. f. Hist. Arb. Am. 2: 252, t.79. 1812. 
Ell. Sk. 2:685. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 215. Chap. F1.168. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 
2:151. 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Southern Virginia, southern Illinois, south- 
eastern Missouri, and western Tennessee, south to Florida, Texas, and Arkansas. 
ALABAMA: Central Pine belt to Coast plain, Swampy forests; frequent. Most 
often associated with the bald cypress in the deep swamps on the banks of the Ala- 
bama and Tombigbee rivers and their larger tributaries. Autauga County. Mont- 
gomery to Mobile County. Flowers yellowish green; April (Mount Vernon). 
Fruit plum-purple, ripe in October. One of the largest of the timber trees of the 
Atlantic forest, 110 to 125 feet high. 
Type locality: ‘ Hab. in Americae septentrionalis aquosis.” 
Herb, Geol. Sury. Herb, Mohr. 
